Gait Review

Question 1

what occurs during the first rocker?

Answer 1

motion of the foot from a DF to a PF position during LR to achieve foot flat

Question 2

what occurs during the second rocker?

Answer 2

closed chain advancement of the tibia into DF position over a fixed foot during MSt

Question 3

what occurs during the third rocker?

Answer 3

begins with COP is over the metatarsals and heel lift occurs in TSt/PSw

Question 4

describe what occurs in IC and the critical events that occur in the phase of gait

Answer 4

this is the instant the foot hits the ground

critical events → heel first contact

Question 5

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE in IC

Answer 5

Hip → 20º flexion

Knee → 0-5º flexion

Ankle → 0º

Question 6

what major muscle groups are working during IC?

Answer 6

hip extensors

quadriceps

pretibials

Question 7

describe what occurs in LR and the crucial events that occur in this phase of gait

Answer 7

shock is absorbed as forward momentum is preserved. A foot flat position is achieved

critical events → hip stability, controlled knee flexion and ankle PF

Question 8

describe the relative postion of each joint in the LE during LR

Answer 8

Hip → 20º flexion

Knee → 15º flexion

Ankle → 5º PF

Question 9

what major muscle groups are working during LR?

Answer 9

hip extensors and abductors

quadriceps

pretibials

Question 10

describe what occurs in MSt and the critical events that occur in this phase of gait

Answer 10

the body progresses over the foot in a controlled manner. First instance of single limb support

critical events → controlled tibial advancement

Question 11

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during MSt

Answer 11

Hip → 0º

Knee → 5º flexion

Ankle → 5º DF

Question 12

what major muscle groups are working during MSt?

Answer 12

Hip abductors

quadriceps start to quiet

gastroc-soleus

Question 13

describe what occurs in TSt and the critical events that occur in this phase of gait

Answer 13

progression over the stance limb continues past the forefoot. Body is ahead of stance limb

critical events → controlled ankle DF w/heel rise

Question 14

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during TSt

Answer 14

Hip → 20º extension

Knee → 5º flexion

Ankle → 10º DF

Question 15

what major muscle groups are working during TSt?

Answer 15

mostly just gastroc-soleus

Question 16

describe what occurs during PSw and the critical events that occur in the phase of gait

Answer 16

rapid unloading of limb with weight transfer to opposite limb, starting the second period of double limb support

critical events → passive knee flexion to 40º, ankle PF, and 60º of MTP extension

Question 17

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during PSw

Answer 17

Hip → 10º extension

Knee → 40º flexion

Ankle → 15º PF

MTP → 60º extension

Question 18

what major muscle groups are working during PSw?

Answer 18

hip adductors

as we progress through this phase tibialis anterior starts to activate going into ISw

Question 19

describe what occurs during ISw and the critical events that occur during this phase of gait

Answer 19

the thigh begins to advance as the foot leaves the floor

Critical events → hip flexion, knee flexion

Question 20

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during ISw

Answer 20

Hip → 15º flexion

Knee → 60º flexion

Ankle → 5º PF

Question 21

what major muscle groups are active during ISw?

Answer 21

Hip flexors

knee flexors

pretibials

Question 22

describe what occurs during MSw and the critical events that occur during this phase of gait

Answer 22

thigh continues to advance, knee beings to extend as foot clearance is maintained

Critical events → continued hip flexion, foot clearance

Question 23

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during MSw

Answer 23

Hip → 25º flexion

Knee → 25º flexion

Ankle → 0º DF

Question 24

what major muscle groups are active during MSw?

Answer 24

Hip flexors

knee flexors

pretibials

Question 25

describe what occurs during TSw and the critical events that occur in this phase of gait

Answer 25

the leg reaches out to achieve step length

critical events → knee extension

Question 26

describe the relative position of each joint in the LE during TSw

Answer 26

Hip → 20º flexion

Knee → 5º flexion

Ankle →0º DF

Question 27

what major muscle groups are active during TSw?

Answer 27

Hip extensors

Quadriceps

pretibials