Assistive Devices and gait patterns Flashcards
List the types of weight bearing status
- FWB
- WBAT
- PWB
- TDWB/TTWB
- NWB
describe WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
allowed to put full weight, but person may not be able to due to pain or weakness
describe PWB
partial weight bearing
some of your weight is put on limb
may be in the form of a percentage
describe TDWB/TTWB
touch down or toe touch weight bearing
little to no weight is put through the leg
foot or toes are on ground more for balance than to bear weight
where should you be positioned to guard a pt during gait training?
position opposite to assistive device if unilateral
List the various levels of assistance
- Independent
- Modified independence
- Supervision
- Contact guard (CTG or CG)
- Min A
- Mod A
- Max A
- Total assist or dependent
describe the assistance level modified independence
completes task w/o assistance but uses some sort of assistive device
describe the assistance level “supervision”
no physical assistance is needed, but requires cueing (due to safety, cognition, etc.)
describe the assistance level CTG
no physical assist is needed, but hands are on the individual “just in case” or for manual cues
decribe the assistance levels min, mod, max and total assist
- Min A → they perform >75% of effort
- Mod A → they perform 25-74% of effort
- Max A → they perform <25% of effort
- Total → they perform 0%
- unconscious, spinal cord injury, etc
List some indications for the use of an Assistive device
- Correct gait deviations
- Pain
- Limited WB
- Balance issues
- Promote or assist w/healing
- Sensory or coordination impairment
- Structural deformity
- Muscle weakness or paralysis
- Fear
what are the biomechanical effects of an AD?
increase BOS
redistribute weight
List types of ADs
- Parallel bars
- Walkers
- Crutches
- axillary and forearm (Loftstrand)
- Cane(s)
- Knee walker; iwalk
list some big parameters to abide by when selecting an AD for use
- WB status
- if NWB, TTWB, or PWB → 2 handed device required
- WBT or FWB can use 1 handed device
- Strength and ROM
- for both UE and LE
- Medical status
- Balance
- Cognitive status
- Overall mobility
- Home environment
List pre-ambulation devices that can be used
parallel bars
tilt table
list pros, cons, and indications for
parallel bars
- Pro → most supportive and easiest to learn, excellent for training
- Con → can’t take it with you; limit mobility
- Indications → training, pre-gait activities
list pros, cons, and indications for
Walkers
- Pros → high degrees of stability, easy to learn and use, easiest to reduce WB, many designs
- Cons → may be cumbersome, difficult to use on stairs, reduces speed of ambulation, difficult to store and transport
- Indications → decreased WB and/or impaired balance or stability
list pros, cons, and indications for
Axillary Crutches
- Pro → allow greater selection of gait patterns, increased ambulation speed, easier to use in crowded areas, fair stability, may be used on stairs
- Cons → fair stability, axillary compression, requires good balance and trunk UE strength
- Indications → reduced WB, good UE and trunk strength, good coordination
list pros, cons, and indications for
forearm crutches
- Pros → highly adaptable, no pressure on axillary vessels or nerves, easy to store and transport
- Cons → less stable than Axillary crutches, requires functional balance and UE and trunk strength (better options available if decreased WB required)
- Indications → pt’s w/functional balance and strength that require increased access to the environment
list pros, cons, and indications for
Canes
- Pros → max access to environment, lots of options for increased/decreased stability, easy to use on stairs, easy to transport
- Cons → there are better options to limit WB, provide relatively little support, small BOS
- Indications → pts that have mild WB or stability deficits