Gait anaylysis Flashcards
Why perform gait analysis?
determine functional ability, eval for pt intervention, determine d/c plan, eval surgincal intervention, evaluate orthotic devices, research
What are the three essential requirement of Gait?
progression, stability, adatapiltiy
What is Progression of gait?
rhythmic pattern and ability to initiate and terminate movement
What is stability of gait?
maintain posture for upright, dynamic stability, and interact with forces of gravity and other forces.
What is adaptability of gait?
Meet the goals of the individual and meet the demands of the environment.
When are the two double limb support?
Loading response and pre-swing
When is heel off?
Terminal stance
When is shock absorption occuring?
loading response.
When is the end of weight acceptance?
Foot flat
When is the start of terminal stance?
heel off
How many % is the stance phase?
60
During loading response what is the Ankle, Quad, H/s, hip abductors/TFL, Erector spinae, and Glue max doing?
Ankle: ecc contracting for control of foot slap
Quad: ecc contraction for control of knee flexion
H/S: isometric contraction for control knee flexion
Hip abd/TFL: isometric contraction to prevent pelvic drop
ES: isometric contraction to control forward flexion and trunk stability
GMax: during IC and Midstance= concentric contraction to generate power
During Midstance what is the foot intrinsics, ankle, Quad, and hip abd doing?
Foot intrinsics: concentric to promote rigid structure from pro to supination
anke: PFers eccentric to control tibial advancement
Quad: concentric to initiate knee extension
Hip abd: isometric control pelvic drop
During terminal stance what is the foot intrinsics, ankle, hip abd, iliopsoas, and quad doing?
Foot intrinsics: isometric
ankle PF: concentric to control heel strike
HIp abd: isometric to concentric to elevate pelvis
Iliopsoas: eccentric for control hip exntension
Quad: inactive bc PRF and PFers maintian knee extension
During preswing what is the ankle, iliopsoas, rectus femoris, and ES doing?
Ankle PFers: concentric to provide propulsive push off
Iliopsoas: eccentric to concentric for limb advancement pull off
rectus femoris: isometric to limit knee flexion
ES: active *controversial
During initial swing what is the hip flexors, hip add, knee ext, and ankle doing?
Hip flexors: concentric for brief limb advancement
Hip add: may assit in hip flexion
knee extensors: concentric for limb advancement
ankle DFers: concentric for toe clearance
During Midswing what is the ankel doing?
No real activities only DFers isometric to maintain foot in DF for foot clearance.
During Termainl swing what is the H/S, ankle, and Quads and hip abd doing?
H/S: eccentric to decelerate the limb
Ankle DFers: isometric to create heel contact
Quads and hip abd: become active jsut prior to contact as feedforward mechansism to prepare for GRF.
What are the three funcitonal task parts of the gait?
WA: weight acceptance
SLS: single limb support
SLA: swing limb advancement
How to test gait?
gait velocity, dynamic gait index, 6 min walk test
How to test gait and balance?
TUG, POMA test
How to test just balance?
Functional reach test, rhomberg test, Berg balance test
What is considered a community ambulation?
0.8 m/s or 1.8 mph or 1000feet in 6 min walk test
What is an indicator for increased fall risk?
below 1 m/s
What speed do you need to cross a street?
1.2 m/s
What are the Functional Ambulation Classification 1-6?
1- nonfunctional
2- dependent for physical assistance level 2
3- dependent for physical assistance level 1
4- dependent for supervision
5- indiependent level surfaces only
6- independent
How is the FAC assessed?
ambulate for 10 feet on level and unlevel surfaces, ascend/descend at least 7 steps with rail, walk up/down incline with 30 degrees or greater and CAN USE assistive device and still score a 6.
DGI (dynamic gait index) what is it and what do you need?
assesses the likelihood of falling in older adults with 7 facets of gait. use box, cones, stairs, 20’ walkway 15” wide, takes ~15 minutes to complete
What is the DGI score and implications:
22/24= safe ambulator
What do you measure during the 6 min walk test?
distance, if pt stops or not, SOB or fatigue before and after the test.
What is cadence?
steps per minute
