Gait

Question 1

stance phase vs swing phase

Answer 1

60 vs 40%

Question 2

outline stance phase

Answer 2

loading response - start - ankle dorsiflexes
knee extends
-PF brings forefoot to ground
hip extends and foot dorsiflexors
IR of hip once in WB then ER of hip when coming out of WB

Mid stance - hip ext 0 degrees
knee fully extends
lateral horizontal hip shift on stance leg controlled by hip abductors eccentrically

termination of stance phase
hip is extended 15 degrees
the knee is flexed 45 degrees and the ankle is PF ready to push off to swing the leg forward

Question 3

outline swing phase

Answer 3

the hip flexors pull off to swing the leg forward, and the knee flexes rapidly to a max 63 degrees for toe clearance.
knee flexion shortens the swinging leg

extension of the knee at the end serves to lengthen the leg again before heel contact and minimise lowering of the trunk

Question 4

motor dysfunction

Answer 4

muscle weakness, increase in intrinsic muscle stiffness, disordered motor control, and soft tissue contracture are major contributors to walking dysfunction.