Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kines Exam 2 > Gait #1 > Flashcards

Gait #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a gait cycle (stride)?

A

From initial heel contact of one foot to heel contact of the same foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a step?

A

Sequence of events that occurs within heel contacts of opposite feet (i.e. between R and L heel contact)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many steps in a gait cycle (stride)?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 spatial descriptors of gate?

A
  1. Stride length
  2. Step length
  3. Degree of toe-out (foot progression angle)
  4. Step width
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is stride length?

A

o Distance between 2 successive heel contacts of the same foot
o Normal stride length= 1.51 m for males and 1.32 m for females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is step length?

A

Distance between successive heel contacts of 2 different feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is degree of toe-out?

A

o Angle between line of progression of the body and a line intersecting the center of the heel and second toe
o 5-7 degrees is normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is step width?

A

o Lateral distance between heel centers of 2 consecutive foot contacts
o Average is 7-10 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 Temporal descriptors of gait?

A
  1. Stride time
  2. Step time
  3. Cadence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is stride time?

A

Time for a full gait cycle (1 heal contact to contact of same foot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is step time?

A

Time for completion of a R or a L step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is cadence?

A

o Number of steps per minute

o Also described as step rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is normal cadence?

A

108 steps/min for males and 118 steps/min for females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is gait velocity?

A

o Distance covered in a given amount of time

o meters per second, miles per hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gait velocity is a combo of what two descriptors?

A

spatial and temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the best and most functional measurement of individuals walking ability?

A

Gait velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is normal gait velocity?

A

1.37 m/sec for males &1.30 m/sec for females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the 6th vital sign?

A

10M Walk test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What can gait velocity tell us?

A
  1. Dep/Ind in ADLs
  2. Likelihood of being hospitalized
  3. Fall risk
  4. Ability to cross street/community ambulator/limited community ambulator/household walker
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Normal % of stance phase?

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Normal % of swing phase?

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Normal % of single limb support?

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Double limb support?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the 8 common terms in Rancho Los Amigos Terminology?

  1. Stance (5)
  2. Swing (3)
A 
1. Stance:
o	Initial contact
o	Loading response
o	Midstance
o	Terminal stance
o	Preswing
2. Swing
o	Initial swing
o	Mid swing
o	Terminal swing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When is stance phase?

A

Instant the foot hits the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Critical event of stance phase?

A

Heel first contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during stance phase?

A

Terminal stance/Preswing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

In stance phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

20 of flexion

Extensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

In stance phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

0-5 flexion

Quadriceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In stance phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

0

Pretibials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is loading response phase (LR)?

A

Shock is absorbed as forward momentum is preserved. A foot flat position is achieved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Critical event of Loading Response (LR)?

A

Hip stability, controlled knee flexion, and ankle PF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during stance phase?

A

Preswing

34
Q

In Loading Response (LR) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

20 Flexion

Extensors and abductors

35
Q

In Loading Response (LR) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

15 Flexion

Quads

36
Q

In Loading Response (LR) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 PF

Pretibials

37
Q

T/F Initial contact and loading response are period of dual limb support

A

True

38
Q

What is the functional goal of initial contact and loading response?

A

combine for the functional goal of weight acceptance, shock absorption, and to provide a stable base for the body to progress over

39
Q

What is Midstance phase (Mst)?

A

The body progresses over the foot in a controlled manner.

First instance of single limb support (back foot toe comes up)

40
Q

Critical event of midstance phase (Mst)?

A

Controlled tibial advancement

41
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during midstance phase (Mst)?

A

Initial swing phase - Mid swing phase

42
Q

In midstance (Mst) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

0

Abductors

43
Q

In midstance (Mst) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 flexion

quads are quiet

44
Q

In midstance (Mst) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 DF

Gastroc/soleus

45
Q

What is Terminal stance phase (Tst)?

A

Progression over the stance limb continues past the forefoot.
Body is ahead of stance limb.

46
Q

Critical event of terminal stance phase (Tst)?

A

controlled ankle DF with heel rise

47
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during terminal stance phase (Tst)?

A

Terminal swing phase

48
Q

In terminal stance (Tst) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

20 extension

none

49
Q

In terminal stance (Tst) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 flexion

none

50
Q

In terminal stance (Tst) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

10 DF

Gastroc/soleus

51
Q

What is Pre-swing Phase (PSw)?

A

Rapid unloading of the limb with weight transfer to opposite limb, starting the second period of double limb support

52
Q

Critical events of Pre swing phase (Psw)?

A

Passive knee flexion to 40°, Ankle PF, 60° MTP Ext

53
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during pre swing phase (Psw)?

A

Initial contact to Loading response

54
Q

In Pre-swing (Psw) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

10 Ext

Adductors

55
Q

In Pre-swing (Psw) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

40 flexion

None

56
Q

In Pre-swing (Psw) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

15 PF

None -> Tib Ant

57
Q

What is initial swing phase (ISw)?

A

The thigh begins to advance as the foot leaves the floor

58
Q

Critical events of initial swing phase (ISw)?

A

Hip flexion, knee flexion

59
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during initial swing phase (ISw)?

A

Loading response to Mid stance phase

60
Q

In Initial swing (ISw) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

15 flex

Flexors

61
Q

In Initial swing (ISw) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

60 flex

flexors

62
Q

In Initial swing (ISw) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 PF

Pretibials

63
Q

What is Mid swing (MSw) phase?

A

Thigh continues to advance, knee begins to extend as foot clearance is maintained

64
Q

Critical events of Mid Swing Phase (MSw)?

A

Continued hip flexion, foot clearance

65
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during mid swing phase (MSw)?

A

MidStance Phase

66
Q

In Mid Swing (MSw) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

25 flexion

Flexors

67
Q

In Mid Swing (MSw) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

25 flexion

Flexors

68
Q

In Mid Swing (MSw) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

0

Pretibials

69
Q

What is Terminal swing (TSw)?

A

The leg reaches out to achieve step length

70
Q

Critical events of Terminal Swing (TSw)?

A

Knee Extension

71
Q

Opposite limb in what stance during Terminal Swing phase (TSw)?

A

Terminal stance

72
Q

In Terminal Swing (TSw) phase the hip joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

20 Flex

Extensors

73
Q

In Terminal Swing (TSw) phase the knee joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

5 Flexion

Quads

74
Q

In Terminal Swing (TSw) phase the ankle joint is in what position with what major muscles on?

A

0

Pretibials

75
Q

What are the three functional tasks of gait?

A
  1. Weight acceptance - forward progression, stability, shock absorption
  2. Single Limb Support - stability, forward progression
  3. Swing Limb Advancement - foot clearance, limb advancement
76
Q

When does weight acceptance occur?

A

◦ Initial Contact

◦ Loading Response

77
Q

When does single limb support occur?

A

◦ Mid stance

◦ Terminal Stance

78
Q

When does single limb advancement occur?

A

◦ Pre-swing
◦ Initial swing
◦ Mid swing
◦ Terminal Swing

79
Q

T/F OGA best learned top to bottom

A

False, bottom to top

80
Q

T/F OGA Is ending point of examination and intervention

A

False starting point for further examination & intervention

81
Q

T/F Deviations may be the result of problems at other joints/segments

A

true

82
Q

OGA: some tips

A
  • Big picture first
  • Avoid tunnel vision
  • Do not let classification of gait dictate your treatment
  • Take your time, get it right
  • Understand what you are seeing before you try to fix it
  • Use anatomical and standard terminology
  • Let the patient choose their walking speed

Kines Exam 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions