G21 HPV vaccine

Question 1

describe

Answer 1

HPV vaccine called the gardasil 9 funded for people between the age of 9-27 for both female and male, 2 doses 6 months apart
still need to do cervical screening programe
protecs against 9 types of HPV including the high risk HPV and HPV causing genital warts (6,11)

Question 2

CIN3 and LLETZ

Answer 2

CIN 3 is not cancerous, it is a precancerous changes
it is similar to colposcopy, using a colposcope to inspect the cervix, a local anaesthethic/numbing agents will be put on the cervix, using a wired loop, a portion of the transitional zone is obtained and sent to the lab for histologic report.
follouw withi 6-12 months for repeat colposcopy and HPV testing

complication include, vaginal bleeding .discahreg 7-10d ays after
cramping/abdo pain similar to period 24 hr after proceure

• risk of infection; if bleeding is heavier than period, foul smelling dischre ay be sign of infection
• <1% risk of cervical premature birth
  0 <1% risk of scarring causing painful period
• may need to come back and redo if the clear amrgin

Question 3

risk factor

Answer 3

cervical cancer is not hereditary 
several factors can increase the risk of cervical cancer 
1. smoking 
2. under screened population 
3. early onset sexual activity..
4. immunosuppression

cervical screening reduce the risk

Question 4

screening jsutification

Answer 4

Disease; common disease with identifiable pre-cancerous lesions
Test; there is a test avaiable and is sensitive to cervical cancer and there is a diagnostic test avaiable and acceptable
Treatment; intervention available
Evidence and benefit’ reduces the mortality and morbidty rate of cervical cancer
Cost effective to offer treatment
Ethical
Strategt for managing incidental findings - repeat