g2 Flashcards
what century was Rizal born
19th century
19th century is considered as birth of ?
birth of modernity1
19th century is considered as the age of ?
revolution
three social structure in the philippines
highest, middle, lowest class
people belong in the highest class
spaniards, peninsulares and friars
they have the power and authority to rule over the filipinos and they enjoyed their positions and do what they want
highest class
they are the native or inhabitant of Spain, or a person of Spanish descent
spaniards
pure-blooded Spaniards who were
born in Iberian Peninsula. They
held the most important government jobs, and made up the smallest number of the population.
peninsulares
members of any certain religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant
orders.
friars
four mendicant orders
Augustinians, Jesuits,
Dominicans, and Franciscans
people belong in middle class
natives, mestizos, and criollos
persons native to the Philippine Islands
native Filipinos
rank below the peninsulares and are European descent but born in the colonies of Spain
insulares or criollos
mixed filipino and foreign ancestry (spanish or chinese) who often became wealthy landowners and merchants
mestizos
3 types of mestizos
mestizo de espanol
mestizo de sangley
tornatras
offsprings of spanish people interbreeding with filipinos
mestizo de espanol
person of Filipino or any racial descent marrying aChinese
mestizo de sangley
person of mixed spanish, filipino, and chinese ancestry
tornatras
this class includes the filipino only
lowest class
refer to the poor people of the country. they are pure blooded Filipino who were ruled by the Spaniards
indio
key factor in the emergence of nationalism in the late 19th century
cultural development
major influences on the educational development of the 19th century
return of the Jesuits
considered as status symbol and only few had the opportunity to experience this
education
the education in the philippines during the 19th century was largely controlled by the ?
catholic church
serious criticisms against the education system
1.Overemphasis on religious matters
2.Obsolete teaching methods
3.Limited curriculum
4.Poor classroom facilities
5.Absence of teaching materials
6.Primary education was neglected
7.Absence of academic freedom
Prejudice against Filipinos in the
schools of higher learning
decree issued by the spanish colonial gov’t in the ph
educational decree of 1863
first formal legislation that aimed to establish a system of public education in the country. its purpose was to provide access to education for Filipinos, regardless of their social status or economic background
educational decree of 1863
provisions of educational decree of 1863
establishments of teacher training school
gov’t supervises the public school system
use of spanish as medium of instruction in all schools
establishments of on primary schools for boys and for girls in each of major town
one of the hundred ethnic groups in the ph
chinese mestizo
chinese mestizo is also known as the
mestizo de sangley
person who held a near-hereditary lease on agricultural land in the Spanish Philippines
inquilinos
hereditary chiefly class
principalia
they come to constitute a rural upper class, especially in central luzon by the late 19th century
inquilinos
mainly the sons of a newly emergent
middle class composed of large tenant
farmers (Inquilinos) as well as small
commercial and professional sectors
ilustrados
indigenous tenant farmers, or the
inquilinos generally hired sharecroppers
kasamahan/kasamas
Some religious orders owned large haciendas, or tracts of land, in the better parts of the country
friar estates/friar lands
main products in the cash crop production
tobacco, abaca, and coffee
