G1A Tectonic Hazards Flashcards
Tectonic Hazard
Natural hazard that has occured due to movement of tectonic plates.
Continental/Oceanic Crust
Continental-Makes up the land, old less dense thick
Oceanic- makes up seafloor, younger, dense,thin
Layers of the earth
Crust-Plates
Mantle-Magma
Outer Core-Liquid iron/nickel
Inner core-Solid iron/Nickel
How do plates move
With convection currents in the mantle that circulates magma around the earth moving the plates.
3 types of plate margins
Constructive-Plates move away
Destructive-Plates move towards
Conservative-Plates move alongside
Constructive
Plates move away allowing for magma to flow out forming volcanoes. Can be on continental/oceanic crust
Destructive
Plates move towards each other forming. Causing one plate to subduct below the other. The pressure causes deep earthquakes which then leads to magma exploding out causing volcanoes. Oceanic sinks continetal rises. Fold mountains
Conservative
They move side by side and they create friction. Earthquakes that can displace water and cause tsunamis
Hotspot
When magma breaks through a hole in the crusts surface and magma seep through
Hazard Managment
MPPP
Monitoring- Detecting/recording physical changes like temperature and gas produced
Predicting- Historical trends allow us to see when volcanoes will occur again
Planning- Regular practice of evacuation routes like fire drills
Protection- Earthquake proof buildings
3 factors for living near earthquakes
Social- Family and friedns may live in the area
Economic- Jobs may pay more in that specifc area.
Enviromental- Land is very fertile near volcanoes so agriculture can occur
Example of destructive conservative and constructive plates and types of volcanoes
Destructive- Nazca/South America Composite volcano explosive sticky lavs
Conservative- San Andreas Fault
Constructive- North America/Eurasian Shield volano gentle eruption runny lava
