G11 - UNIT 5 FLASHCARDS
What are the properties of a gas?
Gases take the shape and volume of the container, are highly compressible and flow
readily
What does the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
state?
Matter is made of particles (atoms, ions, or molecules). The particles are in constant
motion.
What is an ideal gas? What properties does it
have?
An ideal gas has the following properties:
● Gas particles travel in straight lines
● The volume of an ideal gas entity is insignificant when compared to the volume
of the container
● The gas particles do not exert attractive or repulsive forces on one another
● When ideal gas entities collide with each other or the container walls, the
collisions are perfectly elastic
● Ideal gases do not condense into liquids when cooled
What is Boyle’s Law?
P1V1= P2V2
Using KMT, explain the relationship between
pressure and volume
If you increase the external pressure, the volume available to the gas molecules is
reduced. Decreasing the volume increases the number of collisions, increasing the
pressure of the gas in the container, until it equals the external pressure
What is Charles’s Law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Using KMT, explain the relationship between
temperature and volume
The volume of the gas becomes larger as the temperature of the gas increases. As the number of gas particles increases, the frequency of collisions with the walls of the container must increase. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the pressure of the gas.
What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?
P1/T1 = P2/V2
Using KMT, explain the relationship between
temperature and pressure
As the temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules
increases, and the molecules move at higher speeds. As a result, they collide more
often with each other and the walls of the container, increasing the pressure on the
walls of the container.
Using KMT, explain the relationship between the
amount of gas and volume
1) When volume decreases, gas pressure increases due to increased frequency of molecular collisions. 2) When the amount of gas increases at a constant pressure, volume increases to yield a constant number of collisions per unit wall area per unit time.
What is the molar volume of a gas at STP? SATP?
STP – 22.4 L/mol; SATP – 24.8 L/mol
What is the ideal gas law?
PV = nRT
Under what conditions do real gases deviate from ideal gases?
Real gases only deviate from ideal gas behaviour when the temperature and pressure diverge significantly from standard conditions at low temperature and high pressure
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial’s Pressures?
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 ….
What do we assume when collecting gas by the
downward displacement of water?
This method assumes that the gas being collected is not soluble in water. However,
the molecules of water do vaporize and mix with the gas.
