G11 - UNIT 4 FLASHCARDS
List the PRIMARY intermolecular forces that
exist between the following molecules: HCl
(aq), HF (l), H2 (g)
HCl (aq): dipole-dipole
HF (l): hydrogen bonding
H2 (g): London dispersion forces
Explain why water forms a meniscus in laboratory equipment such as a buret or pipet
The polar water molecules are more attracted to the polar
glassware than to each other, causing the liquid to climb the
walls of the container.
How are soft drink manufacturers able to dissolve so much carbon dioxide (about 2 L!) in a small can of pop?
Solubility of gas increases when pressure is increased and
temperature is decreased.
Would the methods described in the soft drink question be effective in dissolving powdered drink mix in water?
No, the solubility of solids increases with temperature, does not change significantly due to pressure
Which of the following will not appear in a net ionic
equation:
I. Gases
II. Liquids
III. Ions
IV. Solids (precipitates)
Gases and liquids
For those that do not appear in the net ionic equation, explain why.
Spectator ions do not participate in chemical reactions,
therefore do not appear in net ionic equation
Why is it necessary for a chemistry student to
know how to prepare a standard solution?
Stock solutions are often more concentrated than is required
for a given experiment and it is up to the chemist to prepare
the desired solution.
When diluting a stock solution, is the final concentration greater or less than the initial?
What about the final volume?
Final concentration is less than the initial concentration; final
volume is greater than the initial volume.
What is the purpose of a titration?
To determine the concentration of an unknown acid (or base)
What specialized glassware is used to perform a titration?
Burette
What is the endpoint of a titration?
The endpoint is reached when one drop of titrant changes the
colour of the indicator to indicate that the reaction is complete
What is the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases?
Acids are substances that produces [H+] ions in solution; Bases are substances that produce [OH-] ions in solution
What property makes strong acids so dangerous?
Strong acids completely ionize into [H+] and its associated anion in solution. The presence of [H+] ions makes acids corrosive.
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
Strong acids ionize completely in water to form ions. Weak
acids partially ionize in water to form ions.
