Fusarium wilt of banana 1

Question 1

Where did edible bananas originate and how?

Answer 1

Asia
By interspecific hybridization between M. acuminata and M.balbisiana

Question 2

What happend after domestication of bananas?

Answer 2

Seedless varieties were disseminated worldwide

Question 3

How many vaieties of banana tress have been identifies in more then how many countries?

Answer 3

-1000
-150

Question 4

Banana is the … most important food product in what type of countries?

Answer 4

-Fourth
-The least developed countries

Question 5

What is banana for 400 million people?

Answer 5

A staple food

Question 6

Banana is in the top 5 for what?

Answer 6

The most consumed fruit

Question 7

What are the 2 main groups of bananas?

Answer 7

Sweet dessert and cooking bananas

Question 8

What % of bananas are consumed locally and what% of bananas are traded internationally?

Answer 8

-85%
-14%

Question 9

What are the 2 regions that produce the most cavendish bananas?

Answer 9

-Latin America (17714)
-Asia (20625)

Question 10

What region produces the most cooking bananas?

Answer 10

East/Southern Africa

Question 11

What region has the most banana plantain

Answer 11

West/Central Africa

Question 12

What is the top banana producing country?

Answer 12

India

Question 13

What is the scientific name for most cultivated bananas that are edible?
(Just the first word)

Answer 13

Musa

Question 14

What was the dates for panama disease on gros michel?

Answer 14

1898-1962

Question 15

Fusarium wilt is caused by what fungus?

Answer 15

Fusarium oxysporum

Question 16

Fusarium oxysporum was emended by who and when?

Answer 16

Snyder and hanses in 1940

Question 17

What are the symptoms of fusarium wilt?

Answer 17

-Wilting, untimely leaf drop of older leaves
-Vein clearing, stunting, and yellowing of younger leaves
-Searing and browning of the vascular system (xylem tissues)
-Damping-off, marginal necrosis, and death of seedlings or plants
-Reduced root growth and function, but no rotting

Question 18

Explain the Gros Michel conversion to Cavendish

Answer 18

• 1890: First cases of Fusarium wilt of Gros Michel
• 1910: Serious losses of Gros Michel resulted in research
• 1922: Cavendish bananas found resistant to Foc in LAN
  UFC persisted with Gros Michel to block competitors
• 1926: First hybrid (IC-1) with resistance to Foc in LAN
• 1947: Costa Rica ran out of new land for planting
• 1950: UFC introduces flood fallowing Company president Zemurray ordered UFCs Cavendish germplasm collection to be destroyed
• 1956: Costa Rica stopped export of bananas Standard Fruit began planting Cavendish in Costa Rica
  Introduction of banana boxes by Standard Fruit
• 1962: United Fruit converts Gros Michel to Cavendish

Question 19

What does FOC stand for and what does it cause?

Answer 19

Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) and it CAUSES fusarium wilt.

Question 20

What was significant of the Ulua Valley, Honduras plantation in 1994?

Answer 20

Not a single Cavendish plant has died in Central America as a
result of Fusarium wilt caused by Foc race 1

Question 21

Anme all the races of FOC (Fusarium oxysporum) adn what each effected.

Answer 21

Race 1–‘Gros Michel’ (AAA), ‘Silk’ (AAB), ‘Pome’ (AAB), ‘Pisang Awak’ (ABB), Musa textilis

Race 2–‘Bluggoe’ (ABB)

Race3–Heliconia species

Race 4–Cavendish (AAA), ‘Pisang Mas’ (AA), ‘Pisang Berangen’ (AAA), AAB plantains, plus cultivars susceptible to race 1 and race 2