Fungi

Question 1

Define mycology and fungi

Answer 1

Mycology is the study of fungi
fungi is any eukaryote that includes the microorganisms of yeast and mold.

Question 2

describe growth and the mode of nutrition of fungi

Answer 2

two main different modes of growth– vegetative and reproductive.
the hyphae are called mycelium and this can be septate hyphae or coenocytic hypha
nutritionwise, fungi are heterotrophic via hydrolytic enzymes that they excrete to break organisms down

Question 2

Describe the various characteristics of fungi

Answer 2

chitin, found in their cell wall
heterotrophic
do no photosynthesize
mobile through growth alone, except for a few flagellated spores
principal decomposers
have mycelium

Question 2

What are the five major phyla of fungi?

Answer 2

chrytids
club fungi
sac fungi
conjugated fungi
glomeromycota

Question 2

Explain both the sexual and asexual forms of reproduction in fungi

Answer 2

Both modes of reproduction contain spores
ASEXUAL contains budding, fragmentation, and spores. Cells can be released within or without the sporangium. If produced within, they’re called sporangiospores
SEXUAL reproduction only occurs in reaction to adverse environments and includes three main steps: plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis PKM

Question 3

Describe the representative species and their key traits

Answer 3

chrytids–> retained flagella, unicellular, aquatic
conjugated fungi– bread mold (rhizopus), live off dying matter
club fungi– gill like structures, basidia
sac fungi– yeasts, morels, form an ascus

Question 4

describe the role of fungi in various ecosystems

Answer 4

they colonize most habitats on Earth, preferring dark moist conditions. Important decomposers produce a variety of exoenzymes that digest nutrients

Question 5

describe the relationship of fungii with other species

Answer 5

mycorrhiza– symbiotic associations between fungi and plants
lichens- fungus with a mutualistic relationship between a photosynthetic organism and fungi where neither can survive alone

there are fungus/animal relationships– usually between insects

fungivores eat other organisms eat fungi

Question 6

What’s a major fungal parasite

Answer 6

ring worms

Question 7

what is the importance of fungi in human life

Answer 7

They’re part of the nutrient cycle, help to control the population of insects, secondary metabolites, fermentation