Bio \Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

protostome

A

the blastospore in the embryo becomes the mouth first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

deuterostome

A

the blastopore in the embryo becomes the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sessile

A

anchored in one place, cannot escape predators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

radial symmetry

A

symmetry around a central axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

left and right halves are mirror images

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cnidocytes

A

stinging cells on tentacles,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

coelum

A

internal body cavity, space between digestive tract and body wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nematocysts

A

cell with a barb attached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dioecious

A

male and female reproductive organs in different individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hermaphrodites

A

can have male production when conditions are bad and can self-fertilize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

metamerism

A

true segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

setae/ chaetae

A

hairlike extensions on thin external cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

spiracles

A

small openings on the side of the body which allow air in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

book lungs

A

looks like books on a shelf, provide a large surface area for gas exchange in arthropods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

book gills

A

gills of the horse crab made up of membranous folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pentaradial

A

five rays of symmetry: seen in starfish, Echinodermata, sea urchins

17
Q

notochord

A

flexible rod-shaped structure thats found in the embryonic stages of all chordates, replaced by a vertebral column in vertebrates postnatal

18
Q

dorsal hollow nerve chord

A

located dorsal to notochord, develops into the CNS

19
Q

pharyngeal slits

A

openings in the pharynx that extend to outside environment

20
Q

post-anal tail

A

tail containing skeletal structures and muscles, extends beyond anus

21
Q

urochordata

A

tunicates, “tunic” composed of cellulose-like carbohydrate material. The adult form does not possess a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve chord, or post-anal tail, but the larvae do. Pharyngeal slits in both adult and larvae stage

22
Q

cephalochordata

A

notochord extends into head, filter feeders in sand and warm temperate

23
Q

craniata

A

organisms that have a cranium, jaw, and facial bones. Bilaterally symmetrical, include hagfish

24
Q

vertebrata

A

display all 4 characteristics of chordates but have a vertebrae column, derived from the notochord

more closely related to lancelets than tunicates

25
cutaneous respiration
oxygen/ co2 exchange can happen through the skin
26
tetrapod
four feet-- mammals, amphibians, reptiles
27
oviparous
eggs hatch after they've been laid, little embryonic development before being laid
28
viviparous
live birth
29
ovoviviparous
mother incubates the eggs internally, births eggs very close to hatching
30
instinct
(nature) adaption occurs over generations by selection that results in the various behaviours we see
31
learning
(nurture) behaviors are the result of each individual animal's unique life experiances
32
altruism
benefitting other animals to their own detriment
33
kin selection
when an animal engages in self-sacrificial behavior that benefits the fitness of its relatives
34
epigenetics
when gene expression is altered due to other gene expression in the genome or environmental factors | gene expression vs gene expression in genome/ env factors
35
eusociality
cooperative brood care, overlapping generations, and a division of labor between reproductive and nonreproductive groups