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microbiology > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Micosporum can cause what disease

A

Ringworm

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2
Q

Trichophyton can cause what disease

A

Ringworm

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3
Q

Malassezia can cause what disease

A

Dermatitis

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4
Q

Sporothrix causes what disease

A

Sporotrichosis

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5
Q

Blastomyces can cause what disease

A

Blastomycosis

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6
Q

Histoplasmosis is caused by what fungus

A

Histoplasma

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7
Q

Coccidioides causes what disease

A

Lung

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8
Q

Cryptococcus causes what disease

A

Rhinitis

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9
Q

Candida causes what disease

A

Candidiasis

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10
Q

Aspergillus causes what disease

A

Aspergillosis

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11
Q

Most fungi are aerobic

A
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12
Q

What group of fungi?
Multicellular and filamentous, dimorphic

A

Mold

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13
Q

Filamentous means

A

Thin in diameter

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14
Q

What group of fungi?
Unicellular, dimorphic

A

Yeast

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15
Q

What group of fungi ?
Fruiting body of fungi, some are edible some are toxic

A

Mushrooms

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16
Q

What does yeast look like on an agar

A

Smooth and glisten

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17
Q

How does yeast reproduce

A

Asexual reproduction by budding

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18
Q

How does mold reproduce

A

Spores, asexually and sexually

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19
Q

To culture fungi, what are two general agars that can be used

A

Sabouraud dextrose and potato dextrose

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20
Q

To culture fungi what specialized agar can be used

A

Dermatophyte test medium (DTM)

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21
Q

Dermatophytes and mold phase of dimorphic fungi should be stored at what temperature

A

Room temp (25c•)

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22
Q

Aspergillus, yeast, and yeast phase of dimorphic fungi should be stored at what temp

A

Body temperature (37c•)

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23
Q

What is a woods lamp

A

Specialized UV light that detects fungal specified that fluoresce, usually on the hair shaft.

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24
Q

What would you do for a cytology for fungi and why?

A

Use potassium hydroxide added to skin scrapings or tissue touch preps to remove host cellular elements

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25
Q

Mycosis

A

Tissue invasion

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26
Q

Mycotoxicosis

A

Toxin production

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27
Q

Abbie review fungal disease attributes and mechanisms on PowerPoint Ch 41

A
28
Q

What are some characteristics of fungi ?

A

They are eukaryotic with cell walls, non-photosynthetic, can be unicellular or multicellular, obtain nutrients from absorption, etc

29
Q

What are some predisposing factors that expose animals to infection ?

A

Immunosuppression, prolonged antibiotic therapy, traumatized tissues, persistent moisture, immunological effects, immaturity, aging, malnutrition, and some neoplastic conditions

30
Q

What does tape prep do?

A

Allows for direct visualization of fungal morphology.

31
Q

The most common dermatophytes in dogs can be what colors after culturing

A

White, yellow, tan, or powdery

32
Q

How do you perform tape prep for fungal culturing?

A

Using acetate tape, a clean glass slide, and a drop of methylene blue; tap the surface of the fungal colony place over the slide with the drop of methylene blue and read slide under 100-400x

33
Q

Dermatophytes are what type of fungi

A

Molds

34
Q

Only ____% of Micosporum isolate will fluoresce under a woods lamp

A

50%

35
Q

Dermatophytes are located where and are considered aerobic

A

Ubiquitous

36
Q

Dermatophytes that are Environmental saprophytes that are also opportunistic are called

A

Geophilic

37
Q

Dermatophytes that are obligate pathogens, have an animal host preference

A

Zoophilic

38
Q

Dermatophytes that are obligate pathogens that have a human host preference

A

Anthropophilic

39
Q

How does transmission of Dermatophytes happen

A

Infected animals
Auto-transmission
Risk factors (environment etc)

40
Q

What do Dermatophytes produce during culturing

A

Microcondidia

41
Q

Aspergillus species are what type of fungi

A

Saprophytic mold and are ubiquitous in the environment

42
Q

Aspergillus flavus causes

A

Aflatoxicosis

43
Q

Aspergillus fumigatus species does what

A

Tissue invasion

44
Q

Describe how a bird can be exposed to Aspergillosis

A

Immunocompromised, dose of spores from inhalation of dust from contaminated litter or feed.
Develop in the nasal or respiratory system. Systemic

45
Q

Most yeast produce what type of infection

A

Opportunistic

46
Q

Canida Al Ivan’s is commensal where

A

MM and Gi of most species

47
Q

Canida Albicans causes what type of infection and in what animals

A

Opportunistic infection in immunocompromised animals and most from entry or invasion from tissues (GI, cloacal, urogenital)

48
Q

Cryptococcus Neoformans produce what type of infection and how?

A

Opportunistic infections from inhalation of contaminated dust (is associated with immunocompromised immune animals)

49
Q

Cryptococcus disease is seen in what forms in cats

A

Nasal, cutaneous l, neural, and ocular forms

50
Q

Malassezia pachydermitis is what type of fungi

A

Yeast

51
Q

Malassezia pachydermatis causes opportunistic infection associated with

A

Immunosuppression
Moist skin folds
Poor ear conformation
Excessive use of antibiotics

52
Q

Otitis externa and skinfold dermatitis is caused by what fungi

A

Malassezia pachydermatis

53
Q

Blastomycosis causes what diseases

A

Asymptomatic diseases
Pneumonia
More if spread systematically

54
Q

Blastomyces dermatitis is treated with

A

Antifungal (itraconazole)

55
Q

Infection of blastomycosis is caused by what

A

Inhalation into the lungs

56
Q

Sporothrix is transmitted through

A

Wounds

57
Q

Sporothrix lives

A

In dead vegetation and worldwide

58
Q

Sporothrix causes what disease

A

Chronic cutaneous or lymphocutaneous(nodular skin lesions that ulcerate)

59
Q

Associated with impaired cell mediated immunity and causes granulomatous lesions in the lungs

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

60
Q

How is Histoplasma capulatum transmitted

A

Inhalation of spores

61
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum lives where

A

Soil

62
Q

Coccidioides immitis lives where

A

Desert soils and semi arid regions

63
Q

What are biphasic fungi?

A

Produce larger than normal Endospores in tissues rather than typical yeast

64
Q

Causes disease in the lungs, dissemination to bones, skin, and other tissues

A

Coccidioides immitis

65
Q

What is a mycotoxin

A

Secondary metabolites of certain fungal species they produce toxins under certain circumstances

66
Q

What are some characteristics of mycotoxins

A

Heat stable
Can be zoonotic from milk or food producing animals
Specific target organs or tissues affected

microbiology (7 decks)

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