Fungi Flashcards
Beta-D-Glucan notably misses:
cryptococcus
the zygomycetes (mucor, etc)
blastomyces
What are notable misses of amphotericin?
Aspergillus Terreus
Candida lusitanae (fluc/mica)
Candida auris (mica)
Scedosporium (vori)
+/-fusarium
What does vori miss?
MUCOR (needs ampho/cresemba/posa)
What does posa miss?
Nothing?
but break through can include:
- fusarium
- scedosporium (need vori or cresemba)

these are rhizoids
aseptate hyphae
mucor lacks these - so this is likely either rhizopus or rhizomucor (of the most common)

Aspergillus has 45⁰ angles (really only identifiable on path) and dandelion-head conidiophores VORI

Fusarium has oval shaped microconidia and canoe-shaped macroconidia AMPHO+VORI

Fusarium has oval shaped microconidia and canoe-shaped macroconidia AMPHO+VORI

Scedosporium has single conidia on long conidiophores VORICONAZOLE

Histoplasma looks like coronaviruses AMPHO/Itraconzazole

Blastomyces looks like Christmas lights
AMPHO/VORI

Sporothrix looks like grape clusters ITRA/AMPHO

Cryptococcus
AMPHO+FLUC

candida

barrel-shaped arthroconidia - coccioides

rosette shaped conidia
SPOROTHRIX
(also cigar-shaped yeast)

lollipop conidia and broad based budding yeast (blasto)

intracellular yeast - histoplasmosis
What is the differential for this lesion?
Crypto
Histo
Molluscum
Talaromyces (penicillium)
(Smallpox?)
64M from puerto rico p/w fevers, weight loss, dyspnea. Began two months ago and progressed. Now hypotensive, febrile and satting 88%.
SPlenomegally, hyponatremic, Pancytopenic, HIV+
PJP/TB on BAL negative
Dx?
Rx?
Disseminated Histoplasmosis
Can cause AI from infected adrenals
Start Amphotericin and Steroids(for AI)
mechanism of voriconazole
inhibits lanosterol 14-a demthylase, disrupting ergosterol synthesis
mechanism of amphotericin
binding ergosterol and altering membrane permeability
mechanism of echinocandins
inhibit 13BDG syntehsis
oval shaped yeast with a visible central septum
umbilicated lesions in HIV patient
(SE asia)
Talaromyces
*Histo/crypto clinically also could present with same syndrome, but would not have septum on microscopy
ampho/itra