Fungal Skin Infection Flashcards
Skin fungal infections types?
Superficial/Cutaneous/Subcutaneous
Superficial infection types?
tinea versicolor, piedra,
and tinea nigra;
Cutaneous infection types?
Dermatophytosis,
Candidiasis of skin ,mucosa, and nails and others
Subcutaneous infection types ?
mycetoma,
sporotrichosis,
chromoblastomycosis
? infections in which a pathogen is restricted to the
stratum corneum, with little or no tissue reaction or invasion.
Superficial Mycoses
affect the uppermost layers of skin or hair shaft. ?
Superficial Mycoses
painless and usually do not provoke the immune
system
?
Superficial Mycoses
long-term (chronic) fungal infection of the skin with ➢Patches of brown or discolored skin with sharp borders and fine scales.
?
Superficial Mycoses 1-Tinea Versicolor
The most common sites:
the back, underarms, upper arms, chest, and neck
Type?
Superficial Mycoses 1-Tinea Versicolor
Affected areas do not darken in the sun
There may be loss of skin color (hypopigmentation) or an increase in skin
color (hyperpigmentation).
Asymptomatic
Type?
Superficial Mycoses 1-Tinea Versicolor
Malassezia furfur
Etiology of?
Superficial Mycoses 1-Tinea Versicolor
a Yeast, Lipophilic Normal flora of skin
?
Malassezia furfur
Superficial Mycoses 1-Tinea Versicolor
Diagnosis ?
- Skin scraping using ( KOH)
2. Culture
Skin scraping of Tinea Versicolor how?
KOH
+ for short hyphae and thigh walled round , budding yeast-like cells ( spaghetti and meatballs )
Painless patches with brown or black color ➢ Usually located on palm of hand or sole of foot.
Type?
Superficial Mycoses
2-Tinea nigra
Etiology of?
Hortaea werneckii Dematiaceous filamentous fungus
Superficial Mycoses
2-Tinea nigra
Laboratory Diagnosis of Superficial Mycoses
2-Tinea nigra
?
- Skin scrapings
- Culture on SDA & Mycobiotic
Asymptomatic infection of thr hair shaft, nodules on hair shaft on scalp hair/ mustache or beard
Type?
Superficial Mycoses
3-Piedra
Dark pigmented nodules, hard and firm attached to hair shaft ? Etiology?
Black piedra / piedraia Hortae
Lightly pigmented, white to brown nodules, soft , loosely attached ? Etiology ?
White piedra/ trichosporon biegelli ( yeast )
trichosporon biegelli ( yeast) etiology of?
White piedra
piedraia Hortae
Etiology of ?
Black piedra
Superficial Mycoses
3-Piedra
Lab diagnosis ?
Hair with nodule
- direct microscopy
- culture : SDA and myobiotic agar
Treatment of Superficial infections?
- ketoconazole
- nizoral shampoo
Fungal infections of the Keratinized tissues of the body ?
DERMATOPHYTOSES
Scalp, glabrous skin, and nails caused by a closely related group of fungi
known as ?
Dermatophytoses
Contagious?
Dermatophytoses
Tinea or ring worms? + eg?
Dermatophytoses/ t capitis = scalp
Microsporum
Etiology of? Infection of?
Dermatophytoses/ nails hair and skin
Epidermophyton
Dermatophytoses/ nails hair and skin
Trichophyton
Dermatophytoses/ nails hair and skin
Presentations of?
Non-inflammatory ‘black dot’ type Pustular Inflammatory
Tinea Capitis
Morphology of lesion Broken hairs, black dots, localized.
Diagnosis of?
Tinea Capitis
Woods Lamp Blue green.
● Hair Shaft Exam Endo/Exothrix
● Culture
Diagnosis of ?
Tinea Capitis
treat hair follicle
• Topical , but might be not effective • Systemic agents •Griseofulvin.
•Terbinafine.
•Treat until no visual evidence, culture (-)… plus 2 weeks?
Tinea Capitis Treatment
Typically begins at distal nail corner Thickening and opacification of the nail plate Nail bed hyperkeratosis Onycholysis
?
Onychomycosis
Often accompanying tinea pedis?
Onychomycosis
Diagnostic Tests of Onychomycosis
➢
KOH Preparations
■ Skin ■ Nails ■ Hair
Fungal Cultures
Sabouraud dextrose Agar (SDA) DTM (Dermatophyte Test Medium)
Growth of fungi and color change from Yellow to
red is (+).
Dermatophytoses Treatment?
B Topical or systemic ● Griseofulvin ● Terbinafine (Lamisil) ● Azoles
Miconazole (Daktrin), Clotrimazole (Canesten)
Systemic Itraconazole - others
