Fungal Infections OM Flashcards
Most common fungal infection of an oral cavity is ——-?
Candidiases
Second most common fungal infection after candidiases is —–?
Aspergiloses
What is the habitat of the Aspergillus organism?
A: Aspergillus organisms are ubiquitous and can be found in soil and decaying vegetation.
Q: Do most Aspergillus species grow at normal human body temperature?
A: No, most species do not grow at normal human body temperature; only pathogenic species can do so.
Q: Which Aspergillus species is most often implicated in human diseases?
A: Aspergillus fumigatus is the species most often implicated in human diseases.
Whats the portal of entry of aspergilloses?
Marginal Gingiva And Gingival Sulcus
Oral manifestations of aspergilloses?
Painful gingival ulcerations and mucosal soft tissue swellings with gray or violaceous hue have been reported.
Can advance to extensive necrosis and present clinically as a yellow or black ulcer with facial swelling
Histopath of Aspergilloses
Dichotomous Branching, 3-6 micrometer size, 45 degree
The main differential diagnoses for Aspergilloses Infection is ?
Mucormycoses and Pseudomonas
These Always misinterpreted as malignant ulcers?
Histoplasmosis
2 Types of histoplasmosis?
1.Pulmonary
2.Mucocutaneous (Ulcerative/erosive lesions on Tongue,Palate and Buccal Mucosa)
Oral manifestations of Histoplasmosis?
Oral manifestations
- Nodular, ulcerative, or vegetative lesions
- Usually covered by nonspecific gray membrane
- Indurated
_________ is caused by Saprophytic Fungi found in soil, bread mold , decaying vegatation.
Mucormycosis
Mucormycosis is usually present as ‘‘Palatal Necrosis’’ Or ‘‘Ulcerations’’ well delimited with well defined borders and may appear as either black/White T/F
T
Who is susceptible for Mucormycosis?
Mainly organ transplant , Diabetic and covid 19 pts Here’s the
- Often manifested in immunocompromised patients with blood dyscrasia, diabetes, immunosuppressive therapy, corticosteroid therapy, malignancy, hepatitis, tuberculosis, etc.
- Prior to HIV/AIDS, diabetic acidosis accounted for about 50-70% of patients reported with mucormycosis.
- Recently, this infection is encountered in HIV infection more frequently.
Mucormycosis is fatal disease because fungus invades______
brain
C/F of Mucormycosis
Clinical features
- 2 types
- Superficial
- External ear
- Finger nails
- Skin
- Visceral
- Pulmonary
- Gastrointestinal
- Rhinocerebral
- Superficial
Histopath of Mucormycosis
90 DEGREE, LARGE HYPHAE 6-50,RIBBON, DEVOID OF SEPTA
Cause and types of Blastomycosis?
Blastomyces Dermatidis.
2 types:
1.Cutaneous
2.Systemic (bone,liver,lungs,subcutaneous tissue)
Clinical Features
- More common in males
- Middle age
- Small red papules that slowly increase in size and form tiny military abscesses or pustules
- Ulcerate to discharge pus through a tiny sinus
- Crateriform lesions are typical with indurated and elevated borders.
- Spreads through subcutaneous tissue and disseminates through blood
- When inhaled, spores produce disseminated or local respiratory infections
- Symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis like fever, sudden weight loss, productive cough.
Blastomycosis
Name Superficial And Deep seated Fungal Infections?
Self Explanatory
Diagnostic tools for deep seated oral fungal infections
Diagnosis of deep seated oral fungal infections
- Biopsy
- Pathologist should be given patients’ medical history e.g. immune suppression
- Patients with deep oral fungal infections must be referred to medical specialists for further evaluation
- Blastomycosis: smear/culture, Direct immunostaining, DNA probes
- Cryptococcosis: microscopy/staining, serology
- Histoplasmosis: microscopy/staining, serology, skin tests
- Mucormycosis: microscopy/histology, smear/culture
Predisposing factors for Oral Candidiases?
Immunosuppression (HIV, diabetes)
Denture use
Broad-spectrum antibiotics/steroids
Xerostomia
Nutritional deficiencies (iron, B12)
Which type of oral candidiasis presents with white plaques that can be wiped off?
A: Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis (Thrush)
