Fungal Flashcards
What is aspergillosis
Fungal infection
Most commonly affects respiratory system
If a patient is immunocomprimised where can an aspergillosis infection spread too
brain
skin
heart
what is the best treatment options for an aspergillosis fungal infection
Voriconazole
Or
Amphotericin B if cannot be used
What may be a final treatment options for an aspergillosis fungal infection
itraconazole and posaconazole
What is candidiasis
it is another form of fungal infection
how are superficial candidial infections treated
they are treated locally with something like an antibiotic cream e.g. miconazole or fluconazole
how would a widespread invasive candidial infection be treated
caspofungin
or
Fluconazole if a patient hasn’t received an azole treatment recently
what would be an alternative to caspofungin and fluconazole for an invasive candidial infection
Amphotericin B
how would a vaginal candida infection be treated
thrush cream e.g. clotrimazole or fluconazole
oral fluconazole
With amphotericin B what should we consider doing before initiating for treatment
test dose is advisable before the first infusion as anaphylaxis can occur
how long do we observe the patient for anaphylaxis after a testing dose of amphotericin B
we carefully observe them for 30 minutes
In a patient who have previously had an infusion related reaction what could we give to them
prophylactic antipyretics
OR
hydrocortisone
give some examples of antipyretics
ibuprofen
aspirin
paracetamol
When prescribing amphotericin B what should we pay GREAT attention to so that we can prevent overdose.
Formulation (conventional or liposomal)
Brand Name
In regards to infusion speed what rate should be given to limit the risk of arrythmias
slow as rapid infusion can lead to the increased risk of arrythmias
What does itraconazole have a good action against
dermatophytes
What environment do itraconazole capsules require to have for optimal absorption
acidic
what type of organ damage is itraconzazole associated with
liver
what type of disease should itraconazole be used with cautiously
liver disease
what non liver condition is itraconazole used with caution in
heart failure
what symptoms should a patient go to a doctor about while taking itraconazole
anorexia
nausea
vomiting
fatigue
abdominal pain
What spectrum of coverage does voriconazole have
broad spectrum
what is voriconazole indicated for
life threatening infections
what are the side effects of voriconazole (2 types) to be aware of
Hepatitis
cholestsis
hepatic failure
phototoxicity
What monitoring does voriconazole require
renal function
hepatic function
how frequently should we measure the patients renal and hepatic function while on voriconazole
weekly for a month
every month after
What fungal medication is no longer provided for fungal infections
oral and iv ketoconazole
what can ketoconazole actually be used for
cushing syndrome
What monitoring does ketoconazole require
ecg
adrenal function
hepatic function
