Fundus Lens - Week 1

Question 1

Describe the following for the Fundus lens:
A: image of Fundus 
B: image orientation
C: Stereopsis 
D: FOV 
E: Fundus magnification
F: Limitation

Answer 1

Fundus Lens
Image of Fundus:           Real
Orientation:    Reversed + Inverted
Stereo:                            Yes 
FOV:                             Variable
Fundus mag:               Variable 
Limitation:                   Variable

Question 2

What effect does changing the power have on the FOV and Fundus magnification for a Fundus lens?

Answer 2

As you increase power (D),
Increase FOV
Decrease Fundus magnification

And vice-versa

Question 3

What is the limitation of the Fundus lens?

Answer 3

Variable: posterior pole, equator to ora serrata (must change gaze of Px) and vitreous

• find out what this sentence means. Also find out exactly what limitation means in this context.

Question 4

Indications for Fundus lens examination:

Answer 4

• comprehensive ocular Fundus exam
• reduced best corrected V.A
• PCs: visual disturbance, photopsia, floaters, metamorphosia, shadows, etc
• POH: Dx ocular conditions
• FOH: DM, glaucoma, AMD
• GH: Diabetes/hypertension/cancer/high cholesterol/lupus
• known PVD, previous RD or periph retinal disease
• cataract
• choroidal Naevus/AMD/glauc/other ocular
• Glaucoma suspect

Question 5

What type of personal complaints would indicate doing a Fundus lens examination?

Answer 5

• reported visual disturbance
• photopsia, floaters
• metamorphosia
• metachromatopsia, shadows
• veils, curtain of reduced vision
• Scotoma, VF deficit, headaches
• Diplopia, ptosis, pupil abnormalities

Question 6

What are the GH indications for Fundus exam?

Answer 6

Diabetes
Hypertension 
Cancer
High cholesterol 
Lupus

Question 7

What are the POH indications for Fundus exam?

Answer 7

Diagnosed ocular conditions

Question 8

What are the PC indications for Fundus exam?

Answer 8

• visual disturbance
• photopsia
• floaters
• metamorphosia
• metachromatopsia
• shadows
• veils
• curtain of reduced vision
• Scotoma
• VF defect
• headache
• Diplopia
• ptosis
• pupil abnormalities
• trauma

Question 9

Is cataract an indication for Fundus exam?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Specifications for slit lamp during Fundus lens exam?

Answer 10

Width: 2-3mm 
Angle: 5-10deg
Height: small (no bigger than pupil) 
Mag: low (10x)
Intensity: low - medium 

No filters

Question 11

In slit lamp, how can distinguish flat vs raised regions?

Answer 11

Use a thin slit