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fundamentals > Fundamentals Test 2 > Flashcards

Fundamentals Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

ABC’s in an emergency

A

Airway, Breathing, Circulation

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2
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs

A

physiological, safety & security, love & belonging, self-esteem, self- actualization.

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3
Q

Peak flow-meter always in yellow

A

Change medication regimen. Increase their meds.

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4
Q

Client enters emergency room.

A

Accessory muscles to breath.

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5
Q

Highest priority about early signs of lung cancer

A

Very vague, cough, fatigue

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6
Q

Client in early signs or heart failure

A

Increase respiratory rate

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7
Q

Most common problem you see in sickle cell

A

Pain

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8
Q

Hypertension with no known cause

A

Primary or essential

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9
Q

disorders that the natural flow of blood through arteries and veins through the peripheral circulation.

A

peripheral artery disease

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10
Q

accurate understanding of most appropriate diet when stop smoking

A

Low fat diet

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11
Q

ABC’s THEN Maslow’s

A

that’s it

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12
Q

Client teaching regarding radiation therapy

A

Cannot go out in the sun, need sunscreen, should not use harsh things on skin, cannot come in with lotion on.

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13
Q

Corticosteroids

A

??

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14
Q

Diet with COPD

A

Prevent protein-calorie malnutrition
Monitor weight, skin condition, and serum prealbumin levels to prevent weight loss
Dyspnea management
Food selection

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15
Q

COPD

A

asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema

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16
Q

Chronic bronchitis and eating is hard b/c of SOB

A

Take small bites, what can they eat that lasts a long time.

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17
Q

Asthma: bronchodilators

A

Short- acting beta agonists (SABAs)
Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)
cholinergic antagonists

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18
Q

Client with lung cancer is scheduled for surgery, they’re getting oxygen for hypoxia, they are becoming more SOB, what do you do?

A

Put on or increase Oxygen.

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19
Q

Nebulizer treatment

A

used with normal saline to help thin secretions.

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20
Q

Someone confused, so you need to start oxygen therapy, what do you have to take into account?

A

delivery devices. Don’t want them to take it off.

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21
Q

SARS

A

Virus infection of cells of the respiratory tract, triggering inflammatory response. Spread person to person contact, and saliva and droplets.

22
Q

TB

A

The body reacts to TB bacteria by forming capsules around the germs in the lungs and holding them in check. At this stage, a person is infected with TB, but is neither sick nor contagious. Nine out of ten people who are infected with TB will never be sick or contagious.

23
Q

Highest risk for developing a community acquired pneumonia

A

Homeless, drug addicts

24
Q

Nosacomia pneumonia

A

In a hospital

25
Q

When is TB no longer considered infectious

A

Although tuberculosis is contagious, it’s not easy to catch. You’re much more likely to get tuberculosis from someone you live with or work with than from a stranger. Most people with active TB who’ve had appropriate drug treatment for at least two weeks are no longer contagious

26
Q

Night sweats

A

TB

27
Q

PPD test is negative, what do you do?

A

Chest X-ray

28
Q

Compensatory mechanisms for early HF

A

(1) the Frank–Starling mechanism, (2) neurohormonal alterations, and (3) the development of ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling

29
Q

S&S for right sided heart failure

A

Increased volume in the venous system and peripheral edema. Fluid may back up into your abdomen, legs and feet, causing swelling.

30
Q

Why weigh someone everyday with HF

A

Fluid retention

31
Q

Pulmonary problems

A

Assess for crackles, dyspnea at rest, disorientation, and confusion.
High Fowler’s
Oxygen therapy

32
Q

Priority diagnosis for a person with heart failure

A

Perfusion, impaired circulation

33
Q

Assessment finding saying HF has impaired tissue perfusion

A

Dyspnea exertion

34
Q

Assessment saying patient has mitral Stenosis

A

Murmur

35
Q

postop and continuing medication of someone with a prosthetic valve

A

Warfarin (anticoagulant) for the rest of their life

36
Q

Energy conservation

A

Rest in between things, if going for a walk need place to sit, if you do something have everything with you.

37
Q

If you hear a swishing sound over right carotid

A

Call doctor

38
Q

Diet restrictions for hypertension

A

??

39
Q

Triple A monitoring techniques

A

Palpate midline

40
Q

Prevent raynaud’s disease complications

A

Vasodilation drug therapy
Lumbar sympathectomy
Sympathetic ganglionectomy
Teach patients: minimize cold, reduce caffeine, smoking cessation

41
Q

Can you take warfarin and heprin together

A

yes

42
Q

Reversal for heprin

A

Protamine sulfate

43
Q

Blood transfusion procedure

A

verify prescription
test donor’s and recipient’s blood for compatibility
examine blood bag for identification
inspect blood for discoloration, gas bubbles, or cloudiness

44
Q

Not transmitting infection

A

wash hands

45
Q

Leukemia

A

type of cancer with uncontrolled production of immature white blood cells in the bone marrow.

46
Q

Sickle Cell

A

formation of abnormal hemoglobin chains during low oxygen concentration

47
Q

Thrombus

A

blood clot forms an embolus (inflammation, thickening vein wall)

48
Q

Thrombus patient teaching

A

early ambulation drink fluids, sequential compression device

49
Q

Blood can only hang with normal saline

A

Yep

50
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Thrombocytopenia is the medical term for a low blood platelet count. Platelets (thrombocytes) are colorless blood cells that play an important role in blood clotting

51
Q

S&S of sleep apnea

A

daytime sleepiness, loud snoring, breathing cessation, abrupt awakening w/ SOB, dry mouth or sore throat, morning headache, insomnia, attention problems

fundamentals (3 decks)

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