Fundamentals: Program Vocab

Question 1

Expression

Answer 1

A unit of code that can be evaluated into one value.
Used in a sentence:
“The expression 999 > 0 is True!” “We use the expression 999 > 0 to determine if our code prints “Hello!”,” “While I’m debugging, I need to keep checking what the expression total_price * 1.1 evaluates into”

In programming, an expression is a unit of code that can be evaluated into one value.

We use expressions mainly to get a value.

Question 2

Statement

Answer 2

A unit of code that is used to execute a change

Question 3

Variable

Answer 3

A name that is a reference to a specific place in memory, and the value stored there. Variables can be assigned and reassigned values.

Question 4

Literal

Answer 4

A value that is the value itself.

Question 5

Integer

Answer 5

Represents an integer! A whole number that is positive, negative, or zero.

Question 6

Float

Answer 6

Represents a number that isn’t whole; it is fractional, or has a decimal place.

Question 7

String

Answer 7

Represents text, specifically with an ordered sequence of characters.

Question 8

Boolean

Answer 8

Represents true or false.

Question 9

List

Answer 9

An ordered list of values. Items in the list are sometimes called elements. Can get the value of an item by using square brackets and the index of the item.

Question 10

Dictionary

Answer 10

An unordered collection of key-value pairs. Can access values in the dictionary by using square brackets and the name of the key.

Question 11

Range

Answer 11

A sequence of numbers between a start, stop, and incrementing by a step.

Question 12

Tuple

Answer 12

An ordered, unchangeable collection of items.

Question 13

Set, frozenset

Answer 13

An unordered collection. Cannot access values with index or key; must use a loop.

Question 14

bytes, bytearray

Answer 14

A collection of binary digits (bits).

Question 15

Get the Data Type with type()

Answer 15

If we’re ever unsure about what the data type of a value is, we can use Python’s built-in method type() to read the data type.

print(type(“This is a string!”))
print(type(6789 * 100))
print(type(3.3))
print(type([“do”, “re”, “mi”]))

my_bicycle_details = {
    "frame_color": "red",
    "num_of_wheels": 2,
    "grip_tape_color": "turquoise"
}
print(type(my_bicycle_details))
print(type(my_bicycle_details["num_of_wheels"]))

PRINTS OUT:

Question 16

Casting

Answer 16

We can convert a value to a different data type.
We can use these methods to convert a value into another data type
int()
float()
str()
bool()