Fundamentals of Science Flashcards
Who created the first version of the periodic table?
D.I. Mendeleev
How was the first version of the periodic table grouped?
The first version grouped elements according to atomic mass.
What did the first version of the periodic table find out about the families?
The families had similar chemical properties.
Why were there blank spaces left in the first version of the periodic table?
Blank spaces were left for new elements to be added.
What is the radius of an atom?
0.1nm (1x10^-10m)
What is the radius of a nucleus?
The radius of a nucleus (1x10^-14) iss less than the radius of an atom.
What does atomic mass mean?
The average mass of the elements isotopes
Why is the atomic mass not normally a whole number?
Because it considers the relative abundance of isotopes.
What does atomic number mean?
The number of protons in the atoms nucleus.
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass if a neutron?
1
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/2000
Why would someone carry out a risk assessment before doing lab work?
To assess safety
Minimise risk
Reduce hazards
How do you calculate how many protons are in an element?
- Find the element on the periodic table
2.Identify and write down the atomic number.
Atomic number = Number of protons
How do you calculate how many neutrons are in an element?
Atomic mass - Atomic number = Neutrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What can isotopes be used for?
X-rays
Cancer treatment (chemo/radio)
Nuclear reactor fuel
How do you work out the RAM?
(AR of isotope 1xAbudance of isotope1)+(AR of isotope2xAbundance of isotope2)
/100
What makes sure that the overall charge of an atom is 0?
The fact the protons and neutrons are the same numbers.
What are the shells lettered as on an atom?
K L M N
How many electrons can go on K shell?
2 electrons
