Fundamentals of microbial metabolism

Question 1

What is Metabolism?

Answer 1

the capture, transformation and distribution of solar energy

Question 2

What is ATP used for?

Answer 2

carry out cellular tasks and biosynthesize complex structures

Question 3

What is ATP made of?

Answer 3

nitrogenous base, ribose sugar, 3 phosphate

Question 4

What are inorganic molecules known as?

Answer 4

litho-

Question 5

What are organic molecules known as?

Answer 5

organo-

Question 6

What is NAD?

Answer 6

Electron carrier (donator/acceptor)

Question 7

What does an autotroph use CO2 for?

Answer 7

source of carbon

Question 8

Where does a heterotroph get carbon?

Answer 8

organic molecules

Question 9

Which type of ATP phosphorylation produces more ATP?

Answer 9

Oxidative not substrate level

Question 10

What is the terminal electron acceptor?

Answer 10

oxygen

Question 11

What is catabolism?

Answer 11

degradation of organic nutrients to simple end products, produces energy

Question 12

What is anabolism?

Answer 12

produces large complex molecules from small precursors, consumes energy

Question 13

How did Dr Chaim Weizmann create explosives in WW2?

Answer 13

clostridium acetobutylicum + starch → acetone

Question 14

How does industry use our knowledge of microbial metabolism?

Answer 14

Oud used in perfume, indole in indigo, indene to indinivar (protease inhibitor)

Question 15

How is energy captured?

Answer 15

Primary Producers trap suns energy and make ATP

Question 16

Mechanism of substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 16

phosphoenolpyruvate –> H + ADP –> ATP –> pyruvate

Question 17

Ways to phosphorylate ATP

Answer 17

substrate level and oxidative

Question 18

What does oxidative phosphorylation require?

Answer 18

electron acceptor, proton motive force, electron transport chain, ATP synthetase

Question 19

What are the eukaryotic catabolic pathways?

Answer 19

oxygenic photosynthesis, alcohol fermentation, aerobic respiration, lactic acid fermentation