Fundamentals of Information Systems Flashcards
An arrangement of data (information), processes, people, and information technology that interact to collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to support the organization (Whitten & Bentley, 2007)
Information System
Accessing through the phone; viewing information in it (not transmitting)
“remote access”
Any system that “captures, stores, manages or transmits information related to the health of individuals or the activities of organizations that work within the health sector”
Health Information Systems
A contemporary term that describes the combination of computer technology (hardware and software) with data and telecommunications technology
Information Technology
Define the way we learn about the world, interpret what we see and apply our knowledge to effect change, whether that is through our own actions or using technology such as a computer
Models in IT
Collective term for computer programs, which are sets of instructions to computer hardware
Software
2 general categories of software
System Software
Application Software
Used to access data from the repository
Software
Collections of interrelated data that are shared by many units and contribute to productivity and efficiency
Database
Collection of data and its associated model
Database
How is database measured?
Bytes
What is included in data? (3)
o Raw facts
o Building blocks of information
o Must be formatted for storage, processing, and presentation
Defines relationships among data
Knowledge
Collection of rules can be thought of as a database containing elements of knowledge
Knowledge base
Produced by processing data; requires applying knowledge to reveal meaning
Information
Data interpretation requirements (4)
Database
Knowledge base
Ontology
Rules of inference
Set of concepts understood in a knowledge base and how these concepts are arranged meaningfully
Ontology
Specify how a knowledge base can be applied to a database
Rules of inference
Information systems professionals and users
People
Analyze organizational information needs, design, and construct information systems, write computer programs, operate the hardware, and maintain software
People
Rules for achieving optimal and secure operations in data processing; include priorities in dispensing software applications and security measures
Procedures
Communication over distance, primarily communication of bits representing many forms of data and information
Telecommunications
Connects everything
Networks
Combination of devices connected to each other through one of the communications media (cables, radio waves, etc.)
Networks
