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Cisco CCENT/CCNA > Fundamentals of Ethernet LANs > Flashcards

Fundamentals of Ethernet LANs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two types of LANs?

A

Ethernet LANs and wireless LANs

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2
Q

Ethernet LANs are often known as?

A

wired LANs - due to the fact they use cables for the links between nodes.

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3
Q

How do wireless LANs connect?

A

Using radio waves

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4
Q

What does the term Ethernet refer to?

A

a family of LAN standards that together define the physical and data link layers of teh world’s most popular wired LAN technology.

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5
Q

What is a Ethernet LAN switch

A

provides many physical ports into which cables can be connected

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6
Q

Define Ethernet cables?

A

cables which is a general reference to any cable that conforms to any of several Ethernet standards.

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7
Q

What does SOHO mean?

A

Small Office/Home Office

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8
Q

True of False

Does the term Ethernet refer to an entire family of standards

A

True

Ethernet standards come from the IEEE and include the number 802.3 as the begining part of the standard name.

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9
Q

What does UTP stand for?

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair

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10
Q

The formal name begins with 802.3 followed by some suffix letter,

What is the suffix letter for cabling or fiber?

A

For UTP - suffix T

For Fiber - suffix X

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11
Q

Types of Ethernet

A
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12
Q

What is a Ethernet LAN

A

It is a combination of user devices, LAN switches, and different kinds of cabling.

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13
Q

What are three of the most commonly used Ethernet standards

A
  1. 10BASE-T (Ethernet)
  2. 100BASE-T (Fast Ethernet or FE)
  3. 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet, or GE)
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14
Q

What is a encoding scheme

A

with an encoding scheme, the transmitting node changes the electrical signal over time, while the other node, the receiver, using the same rules, interprets those changes as either 0s or 1s.

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15
Q

What is EMI

A

EMI stands for (electromagnetic interference) - which happens when electrical current passes over any wire.

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16
Q

EMI between wire pairs in the same cable is called

A

Crosstalk

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17
Q

Define the term Ethernet link

A

Ethernet link refers to any physical cable between two Ethernet nodes.

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18
Q

True or False

Does 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T standards require two pairs of wires, while the 1000BASE-T standard requires four pairs

A

True

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19
Q

The RJ-45 connector has eight physical locations into which the eight wires in the cable can be inserted, called

A

pin positions or pins

20
Q

Using One Pair for EAch Transmission Direction with 10 and 100 Mbps Ethernet

A
21
Q

Understanding the wiring of the cable

For NIC

For Switches

Ethernet Straight-Through Cable Concept

A

Ethernet NIC transmitters use the pair connected to pins 1 and 2; the NIC receivers use a pair of wires at pin positions 3 and 6.

LAN Switches receivers use the wire pair at pins 1 and 2, and their transmitters use the wire pair at pins 3 and 6

22
Q

What is a crossover cable

A

The crossover cable pinout crosses the pair at the transmit pins on each device to the receive pins on the opposite device

23
Q

What are the differences between crossover and straight-through cables

A

Crossover cable: Are when the endpoints transmit on the same pin pair

Straight-through cable: Are if the endpoints transmit on different pin pairs

24
Q

10BASE-T and 100BASE-T Pin Pairs Used

A
25
Q

How does 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet) differ from 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T as far as the cabling and pinouts

A
  1. 1000BASE-T requires four wire pairs,
  2. It uses more advanced electronics that allow both ends to transmit and receive simultaneously on each wire pair.
26
Q

How does Gigabit Ethernet crossover cable cross

A

The pairs at pins 1,2 and 3,6) and (the pair at pins 4,5 with the pair at pins 7,8)

27
Q

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Header and Trailer Fields

A
28
Q

Is this statement True or False

The IEEE 802.3 specification limits the data portion of the 802.3 frame to a minimum of 46 and a maximum of 1500 bytes.

A

True

29
Q

Define term MTU

A

MTU mean Maximum Transmission unit (MTU) - it defines the maximum Layer 3 packet that can be sent over a medium

30
Q

True or False

1500 bytes is the largest IP MTU allowed over an Ethernet

A

True

31
Q

True or False

Ethernet addresses, also called Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, are 6-byte-long (48-bit-long) binary numbers

A

True

32
Q

Define the term unicast

A

the term unicast is simply a formal way to refer to the fact that the address represents one interface to the Ethernet LAN

33
Q

What does OUI mean

A

Organizationally unique identifier

34
Q

Explain the OUI

A

The IEEE assign the manufacturer a universally unique 3-byte code and the manufacturer assigns a unique value for the last 3-bytes

35
Q

True or False

The IEEE also calls these universal MAC addresses global MAC addresses

A

True

36
Q

Show the structure of the unicast MAC address, with OUI

A
37
Q

True or False

The term burned-in address (BIA) refers to the idea that a permanent MAC address has been encoded (burned-into) the ROM chip on the NIC

A

True

38
Q

The IEEE defines two general catagories for group addresses for Ethernet

A
  1. Broadcast address: Frames sent to this address should be delivered to all devices on the Ethernet LAN. It has a value of FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
  2. Multicast addresses: Frames sent to a multicast Ethernet address will be copied and forwarded to a subset of the devices on the LAN that volunteers to receive frames sent to a specific multicast address.
39
Q

LAN MAC Address Terminology and Features

A
40
Q

True or False

The Ethernet Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field in the Ethernet trailer – the only field in the Ethernet trailer—gives teh receiving node a way to compare results with the sender, to discover whether errors occured in the frame.

A

True

41
Q

Half duplex

A

The device must wait to send if it is currently receiving a frame; in other words, it cannot send and receive at the same time.

42
Q

Full duplex

A

The device does not have to wait before sending: it can send and receive at the same time.

43
Q

True or False

Node that use half duplex logic actually use a relatively well-known algorithm called carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD)

A

True

44
Q

CSMA/CD covers these cases

A

Step 1. - A device with a frame to send listens until the Ethernet is not busy

Step 2. - When the Ethernet is not busy, the sender begins sending the frame.

Step 3. - The sender listens while sending to discover whether a collision occurs; collisions might be caused by many reason, including unfortunate timing. If a collision occurs, all currently sending nodes do the following:

a. They send a jamming signal that tells all nodes that a collision happened.
b. They independently choose a random time to wait before trying again, to avoid unfortunate timing
c. The next attempt starts again at Step 1

45
Q

True or False

For all links between PCs and switches, or between switches, use full duplex. However, for any links connected to a LAN hub, the connected LAN switch and NIC port should use half-duplex

A

True

46
Q

True or False

For all links between PCs and switches, or between switches, use full duplex. For link connected to LAN hub, the connected LAN switch and NIC port should use half-duplex

A

True

Cisco CCENT/CCNA (3 decks)

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