Fundamentals Of Enzymes As Biological Catalyst Flashcards
What is Biocatalisis ?
Is the use of living systems or their parts to SPEED UP chemical reaction
The three types of enzyme specificity
- Stereo specificity
- Reaction specificity
- Substrate specificity
What refers to stereo specificity ?
Refers to stereoisomers that are compounds with the same molecular formula but their structure is different
The enzyme only work in only one isomer then exhibit stereospecificity
What refers reaction specificity ?
The same substrate can undergo different types of reactions
Each catalyzed by a separate enzyme
What refers with substrate specificity?
- Certain enzymes act only on one substrate
- Some enzymes act on structurally related substances
- Some enzymes act on closely related substrates
What the catalyst do?
Reduced the magnitud of energy barrier required
How can be expressed the magnitud of this energy barrier ?
Through the free energy change
How do enzymes works?
Most their characteristics derive form MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
ENZYMES are PROTEINS composed of amino acids residues covalently bound through a peptide bond
Structure of enzymes
Primary structure
Three dimensional structure
Quaternary structure
What is primary structure ?
Sequence of a chain of amino acids
What is secondary structure ?
Secondary three dimensional structure
Result of interactions of amino acids residues proximate in the primary structure
What’s quaternary structure ?
Varios grupos unidos a cadenas beta y alpha
Oxidation reduction or oxidoreductasas
Transferencia de ē entre dos compuestos
Reduce gana ē
Oxida pierde ē
Dehydogrenasa
Group transfer reaction or transferasa
Transferencia de un grupo funcional de una molécula a otra
Hydrolysis reactions or hydrolasa
Reacciones que involucran la adición de H2O y para romper compuestos
Hydrolytic cleavage of c-c c-n c-o
Formation/removal C-C double bonds or Lyases
el doble enlace desaparece y se convierte en un enlace sencillo
reacciones de hydrogenasion
Isomerization reactions or isomerases
molécula sencilla se reagrupa.
la molécula tiene la misma fórmula lo único que cambia es la forma en la que se enlazan los átomos para dar estructura
Ligation reaction or lygases
usan energía de ATP para unir dos moléculas
catalyze the joining
Formation / removal of c-c double bonds or lyases
Una molécula de doble enlace se vuelve un enlace sencillo (se elimina el doble enlace ) por medio de la hidrogenación
Formation / removal of c-c double bonds or lyases
Una molécula de doble enlace se vuelve un enlace sencillo (se elimina el doble enlace ) por medio de la hidrogenación
