Fundamentals Of Computer Flashcards
What is the origin of the word “computer”?
The Latin word “computare” meaning “to calculate”
What is a computer?
An electronic device that processes data and provides output
What are the three main functions of a computer?
Computer can store retrieve and manipulate tremendous amount of data.
Who introduced the word “computer” in 1613?
Richard Braithwaite
What was the first calculating machine?
The Abacus
Where was the Abacus developed?
Babylonia
What material was the Abacus made of?
Wooden rods and beads
What did people use for calculations before the Abacus?
Fingers, toes or small pebbles
Who invented Napier’s Bones?
John Napier
When was John Napier born and when did he die?
Born in 1550 and died on April 16 17 at the age of 66 or 67
What was the purpose of Napier’s Bones?
To perform quick and accurate multiplication
Who invented Pascaline?
Blaise Pascal
At what age did Blaise Pascal invent Pascaline?
19
What was another name for Pascaline?
Pascal’s Adder
What operations could Pascaline perform?
Addition and subtraction
Who developed the first mechanical computer?
Charles Babbage
What was Charles Babbage’s first automated calculating machine called?
Difference Engine
What was the purpose of the Difference Engine?
To calculate tables of numbers and provide a hard copy
Who is known as the “Father of Modern Digital Computer”?
Charles Babbage
Who was the first computer programmer?
Ada Lovelace
For What did Ada Lovelace develop a program ?
The Difference Engine
What was the first general-purpose computer planned by Babbage?
Analytical Engine
What components did the Analytical Engine include?
ALU, basic flow control ,punch cards for input and integrated memory. Charles used brass years to build the analytical engine powered by steam engine
Why did Babbage fail to complete the Analytical Engine?
Technology was not advanced enough
Who developed a machine for the US census in 1890?
Herman Hollerith
What company did Herman Hollerith found?
IBM (International Business Machines)
What storage method did Hollerith’s machine use?
Punch cards
How did Hollerith’s machine impact census operations?
It was faster and saved millions of dollars
Complete the equation: Computer = __ + Processing + Output
Input
Complete the equation: Pascaline = __ + Subtraction
Addition
Complete the equation: Analytical Engine = __ + Control Flow + Punch Cards
ALU
Complete the equation: IBM = __ + Business + Machines
International
True or False: The Abacus was invented in China.
False
True or False: John Napier invented logarithms.
True
True or False: Pascaline could perform multiplication.
False
True or False: Charles Babbage successfully built the Analytical Engine.
False
True or False: Ada Lovelace wrote the first computer program.
True
True or False: Herman Hollerith’s machine used vacuum tubes.
False
What is a punch card?
A card used for storing data using holes
What does ALU stand for?
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Why is Charles Babbage important in computing history?
He designed the first mechanical computer
What is the function of the Difference Engine?
To perform automated calculations
How did the Analytical Engine differ from the Difference Engine?
It was designed for general-purpose computing
What was the impact of Hollerith’s punch card system?
It revolutionized data processing
What is the significance of Ada Lovelace’s work?
She developed the first computer program
Why was Babbage unable to complete the Analytical Engine?
The technology of the time was insufficient
Who completed a small portion of the Analytical Engine in 1910?
Henry Babbage
How many generations of computers are known till date?
Five
What is the main factor distinguishing different computer generations?
Hardware technology
What was the first generation of computers based on?
Vacuum tubes
When did the first generation of computers exist?
1946-1959
What was the role of vacuum tubes in first-generation computers?
They were used for memory and CPU circuitry
Properties of vacuum tubes?
They will loss and size record large amount of electricity they were easily fused during installation.
What was the first computer used in the first generation?
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
What type of operating system was used in the first generation?
Batch operating system
What were the requirements of first generation?
Punch cards, I/0 devices magnetic tapes, paper tapes we required in the situation
What were the main characteristics of first-generation computers?
Vacuum tubes
What are examples of first-generation computers?
ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC, IBM-701,IBM-650
What was a major disadvantage of vacuum tubes?
They were fragile and easily fused during installation
Why were first-generation computers non-portable?
They were large and required a lot of electricity
What was the main problem with heat generation in first-generation computers?
They needed air conditioning to prevent overheating
Complete the equation: First Generation = __ + High Electricity Consumption + Large Size
Vacuum Tubes
Complete the equation: ENIAC = First Generation + __
Batch Operating System
Complete the equation: First Generation Computers = ENIAC + __ + IBM-701
EDVAC
True or False: Henry Babbage completed the full Analytical Engine in 1910.
False
True or False: Computer generations are based only on software improvements.
False
True or False: Vacuum tubes were used in the first generation of computers.
True
True or False: ENIAC was the first electronic computer used in the first generation.
True
True or False: First-generation computers were energy-efficient.
False
True or False: The first-generation computers used batch operating systems.
True
What is a vacuum tube?
An electronic component used for processing and memory in first-generation computers
Why did first-generation computers require air conditioning?
They generated a lot of heat due to vacuum tubes
What is the significance of ENIAC in computing history?
It was the first electronic general-purpose computer
What were the limitations of first-generation computers?
Large size
Why were first-generation computers expensive?
They used thousands of vacuum tubes and required a lot of electricity
How did input methods evolve from first-generation computers?
From punch cards and paper tapes to modern storage devices
What was the main technological advancement in the second generation of computers?
Transistors
When did the second generation of computers exist?
(1959-1965)
What was the advantage of transistors over vacuum tubes?
They were smaller
How many vacuum tubes could one transistor replace?
About 40
Where was the transistor invented?
Bell Labs (1947)
What programming languages were introduced in the second generation?
COBOL and FORTRAN
What type of operating systems were used in the second generation?
Multiprogramming and batch processing
What were the main characteristics of second-generation computers?
Transistors
What are examples of second-generation computers?
IBM 1620
IBM 7095
CDC 3600
UNIVAC 1108
What replaced transistors in the third generation of computers?
Integrated Circuits (ICs)
Who invented the integrated circuit (IC)?
Jack Kilby
When did the third generation of computers exist?
(1965-1971)
What were the advantages of ICs over transistors?
Smaller size
What type of operating systems were used in the third generation?
Time-sharing and multiprogramming
What high-level languages were used in the third generation?
FORTRAN, COBOL, PASCAL, BASIC & ALGOL
What were the main characteristics of third-generation computers?
ICs
What are examples of third-generation computers?
IBM-360 series
Honeywell-6000 series
PDP (personal data processor )
IBM - 370 / 168
What major component was introduced in the fourth generation of computers?
Microprocessor
When did the fourth generation of computers exist?
(1971 – 1980)
What were the advantages of microprocessors?
Faster
What type of operating systems were used in the fourth generation?
Time-sharing, real time networks and distributed software.
What high-level languages were used in the fourth generation?
C, C++
What technological developments occurred in the fourth generation?
Internet invention
What were the main characteristics of fourth-generation computers?
VLSI
What are examples of fourth-generation computers?
STAR 1000
PDP 11
cray - 1 (supercomputer)
True or False: Transistors consumed more power than vacuum tubes.
False
True or False: COBOL and FORTRAN were introduced in the second generation.
True
True or False: Integrated Circuits were larger than transistors.
False
True or False: Jack Kilby invented the transistor.
False
True or False: The third generation of computers introduced BASIC as a high-level language.
True
True or False: The microprocessor was introduced in the fourth generation.
True
What is a transistor?
A semiconductor device used in second-generation computers
What is an integrated circuit (IC)?
A small electronic chip containing transistors
Why were ICs better than transistors?
They were smaller
What is a microprocessor?
A single-chip processor that replaced ICs in fourth-generation computers
How did operating systems evolve across generations?
From batch processing to time-sharing and real-time networking
What were the benefits of fourth-generation computers?
Smaller size,
Less expensive, portable, pipeline processing, no AC required, internet invention, networks development, affordability of computers
What does VLSI stand for?
Very Large Scale Integration
What was the main technological advancement in the fifth generation of computers?
ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) microprocessors
When did the fifth generation of computers start?
1980-Present
What replaced VLSI microprocessors in the fifth generation?
ULSI microprocessors
How many electronic components are in ULSI microprocessors?
Ten million
What major software development was included in the fifth generation?
Artificial Intelligence (AI), parallel processing neural networks expert systems natural language processing.
What advancements were made in the fifth generation?
Parallel processing and artificial intelligence
What devices are examples of fifth-generation computers?
Desktop
Laptop
Notebook
Tablets
Smartphone
What are the three main types of computers?
Analog, digital and hybrid computers
What do analog computers process?
Variable continuous stream of data
How do analogue computers work?
Analogue computer is directly accept data input in the measuring device without converting into machine Code
What are examples of analog computers?
Speedometer comma barometer, Mercury thermometer, voltmeter
How do digital computers process data?
Using discrete signals and converting data into machine code.
What number system do digital computers use?
Binary (0,1)
How do digital computers work?
You show computers except raw data from input devices stores in memory processes the data and then provide the information using output. They work on binary digits
What are examples of digital computers?
Supercomputer, mainframe computers mini computer is microcomputers.
What is a hybrid computer?
A combination of analog and digital computers
How does hybrid computer work?
Measuring Device typical hybrid computer accepts analogue signals converts them to distinct and processes them industrial form as it has memory precision like distal computers and speed like analogue computer.
True or False: VLSI was introduced in the fifth generation of computers.
False
True or False: ULSI microprocessors contain ten million electronic components.
True
True or False: AI is a key feature of the fifth generation of computers.
True
True or False: Digital computers are faster than analog computers.
False
True or False: Hybrid computers only use binary code.
False
What is VLSI?
Very Large Scale Integration
What is ULSI?
Ultra Large Scale Integration
What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) in computing?
Software that enables computers to think like humans
What is Natural Language Processing (NLP)?
A branch of AI that helps computers understand and process human language
What is parallel processing?
A technology that allows multiple processes to run simultaneously
What is a digital computer?
A computer that processes discrete data using binary code
What is a hybrid computer?
A computer that combines the features of analog and digital computers
What are the key differences between analog and digital computers?
Analog computers process continuous data while dister computer process discrete data by using discrete signals.
What are the characteristics of the fifth generation of computers?
ULSI microprocessors
What are the four classifications of digital computers?
Mainframe, supercomputers,minicomputers and micro computers
What are smartphones classified as?
A type of digital computer
What is a mainframe computer?
A large size faster and an expensive computer that can handle thousands of user simultaneously it executives many programs concurrently and support many concurrent users.
Where are mainframe computers commonly used?
Used and beg organisations hospitals airline companies stock exchange companies for the processing of huge amount of data
What is the main difference between a mainframe and a supercomputer?
Mainframes run parallel programs at a time where as supercomputer runs one program at a time but in fastest speed than mainframe.
What is a minicomputer?
A mid-range computer
Where are minicomputers used?
Small businesses, educational institute and companies
Are minicomputers still used today?
No
What is another name for a microcomputer?
Personal Computer (PC)
What technology do microcomputers use?
Microprocessor technology
What are common uses of microcomputers?
Word processing, accounting, desktop publishing, and for running spreadsheet and data management applications
How are microcomputers used in communication?
By connecting them in a network
What are the different types of microcomputers?
Desktop computer is, notebook computer, laptops and palmtop
True or False: Smartphones are a type of analog computer.
False
True or False: A hybrid computer converts analog signals into digital signals.
True
True or False: Mainframe computers are used in homes for personal tasks.
False
True or False: Minicomputers are widely used today.
False
True or False: Microcomputers are based on microprocessor technology.
True
What is a workstation?
A type of digital computer designed for technical and scientific applications
What are the key features of a microcomputer?
Personal computer is small and cheap one user at a time uses single chip based on microprocessor technology is
Why are microcomputers widely used?
They are affordable
How do microcomputers support communication?
They can connect to networks for data sharing and communication
What are some examples of cutting-edge technologies?
Smartwatch, quantum computers 3D printer, biometric scanner, password less authentications
What is a smartwatch?
A wearable digital computer with a touchscreen that performs tasks beyond timekeeping
What features do smartwatches have?
Mobile apps, mobile operating systems, connectivity of Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth it also has has related apps like heartbeat monitoring, sleep monitoring step calculating also fingerprint recognition
What is a quantum computer?
A computer that uses quantum particles to perform complex tasks faster than traditional computers
What fields can quantum computing improve?
Cybersecurity, internet of things,nanotechnology, medicines and material science
Which quantum computer is well-known?
D-Wave quantum computer
Who invented the 3D printer?
Chuck Hull in 1984
What does a 3D printer do?
Creates physical objects from digital models using layered materials
How is 3D printing used in archaeology?
It recreates ancient artifacts lost over time
What is biometric authentication?
A method of identification based on biological features
What are examples of biometric authentication?
Fingerprint recognition
Why is biometric authentication more secure than passwords?
Because biological features are unique to each person
What are some other biometric scans?
Hand
True or False: Smartwatches can only tell time.
False
True or False: Quantum computers are slower than supercomputers.
False
True or False: 3D printing is commonly used in medicine.
True
True or False: Biometric authentication can include face recognition.
True
True or False: Password-based security is more secure than biometric authentication.
False
What makes a smartwatch different from a regular watch?
It has advanced digital functions like mobile apps and health tracking
How does a quantum computer work?
It uses quantum particles to process data at a much higher speed
Why is 3D printing useful in biotechnology?
It helps create prosthetics and medical implants
How does biometric authentication work?
It scans a person’s unique biological features for secure identification
Why is biometric authentication becoming popular?
It is more secure and harder to break than passwords
What is the role of computers in education?
They provide facilities like Computer-Based Education (CBE)
What does CBE stand for?
Computer-Based Education
What is the purpose of CBE?
It includes control delivery and analysis of learning process in students.
How many hours do university students spend web surfing for knowledge?
4-5 hours a week
What are some healthcare uses of computers?
Keeping patient records
How is the internet used in business?
As a marketing tool
Budget estimation
Analysis of sales
Financial database
Online business training
Managing employee database
What is the role of computers in defence?
Used for communication
Military planning and operation
This is weapons
Controlling automated aircrafts
Intercontinental ballistic missiles that use GPS for target in missiles
Designing interesting of new equipment
Relations and trainings
What missile system uses computers for targeting?
Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) using GPS
What is the role of computers in media?
Used for newspapers
Typing and designing newspapers
video making and editing animated movies
blogging use
Video conferencing
How does the government use computers?
For budget analysis, weather forecasting census record of population ratio and records of voters list
What are the main applications of computers in banking?
Online account access, online transaction bank statement and ATM facility
True or False: CBE helps deliver and analyze the learning process.
True
True or False: Computers are not useful in healthcare.
False
True or False: Online business training is not possible using computers.
False
True or False: Computers are used in missile targeting.
True
True or False: Computers are not used in media for video making and editing.
False
Why are computers important in business?
They increase accuracy
How do computers help in defence training?
They provide simulations and advanced digital planning
Why is online banking important?
It allows easy account access
How do computers help in weather forecasting?
They analyze climate data and predict weather conditions
What does CAD stand for?
Computer-Aided Designing
What does CAM stand for?
Computer-Aided Manufacturing
What industries use CAD and CAM?
Automobile manufacturing
What are the responsibilities of a software engineer?
Software engineer uses software engineering for programming testing in development of software. Planning designing and continue development maintenance of software application
Who is responsible for coding
Programmer
What is another term for a programmer?
Coder or Developer
Who researches and recommends software and systems?
System Analyst
What are the main duties of a system analyst?
Configuring
Who designs and tests computer hardware?
Hardware Engineer
What does a network administrator do?
Deploys, configuring maintenance monitoring securing and operating of a network
What is the role of a database administrator?
Allows the user to create design manipulate retreat restore and repair information of an organisation database
Who designs the layout of websites?
Web Designer
What are multimedia designers responsible for?
Creating content for web
What is the role of an information security analyst?
Protects networks and information from cyber threats
What does a computer teacher do?
Teaches computer fundamentals and software/hardware
What are the physical parts of a computer called?
Hardware
What are examples of input devices?
Keyboard, mouse joystick touch screen light pen webcam scanner barcode reader microphone etc
What is the standard keyboard layout?
QWERTY
How many keys does a standard keyboard have?
More than 100 (air includes function keys special keys an Americans direction keys)
Who invented the mouse?
Douglas Engelbart
When was the mouse invented?
1963
What was the mouse originally called?
X-Y Position Indicator
What are the two main buttons on a mouse?
Left-click and Right-click
What is the built-in mouse on a laptop called?
Touchpad
True or False: CAD is used for manufacturing.
False
True or False: A programmer is responsible for coding and debugging.
True
True or False: A hardware engineer does not work with circuit boards.
False
True or False: A database administrator is responsible for website layout.
False
True or False: The mouse was introduced in 1963.
True
Why is CAD important in industries?
It helps design complex products efficiently
How does a network administrator secure a network?
By configuring security measures and monitoring threats
What are the main tasks of a computer teacher?
Teaching computer fundamentals
Why is a QWERTY keyboard layout common?
It is the standard layout for ease of typing
What makes a touchpad different from a mouse?
It is built into laptops and does not require external connection
How can modern keyboard and mouse be connected?
Keyboard can be connected through USB port and mouse can be connected via USB port to
Who invented joystick and where?
It was invented in naval research laboratory by CB mirick
What is a joystick
It is a pointing the voice for the vertical liver mounted on a base used for computer games controlling a machine.
“Arithmetic and Logic Unit”
“Control Unit”
“ALU”
“It directs and coordinates most operations in the processor”
“ARM CPUs”
“False”
“16
32
“1970s
Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe”
“True”
“It detects light from the screen and is used for drawing or selecting text”
“Barcode Reader”
“Emile Berliner
1877”
“True”
“Converts an image of text into an editable text file”
“Motherboard”
“Motherboard”
“False”
“Case
system box
“A motherboard is the main circuit board
while a daughterboard is an expansion board connected to it.”
“To store data permanently”
“Circular disks where data is stored electronically”
“False”
“A portable external hard disk with a USB port”
“Memory”
“Hard disk
Compact disk”
“ARM CPU”
“False”
“Webcam”
“True”
“Webcam”
“RAM”
“Reads text or images and converts them into digital form”Question
Answer
“Compact Disc”
“4.75 inches in diameter”
“Using laser beams”
“True”
“Solid-State Drive”
“Secure Digital (SD) card”
“Digital cameras
mobile phones
“False”
“To store and transfer data”
“Through a USB interface”
“False”
“Google Drive
OneDrive
“A hardware component that displays information to a user”
“VDT (Video Display Terminal) or VDU (Video Display Unit)”
“Soft copy”
“False”
“Resolution
dot pitch
“The sharpness and clarity of an image”
“Pixels per inch (ppi)”
“CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)”
“CRT monitor”
“LCD monitor”
“An output device that produces text and graphics on physical media like paper”
“Hard copy”
“Because it exists physically”
“Pages per minute (ppm)”
“Dots per inch (dpi)”
“Impact and non-impact printers”
“False”
“Laser printer”Question
Answer
“A sophisticated printer used to produce vector graphics”
“True”
“Pen plotters and electrostatic plotters”
“Speaker”
“Sound card”
“True”
“Projects computer information onto a screen
wall
“Holding data
instructions
“True”
“Bit (Binary Digit)”
“8 bits”
“1024 bytes”
“1024 KB”
“1024 MB”
“1024 GB”
“1024 TB”
“A unique number identifying the location of a byte in memory”
“Random-Access Memory”
“Volatile”
“It is lost”
“True”
“Randomly instead of sequentially”
“A small circuit board inserted into the motherboard”
Who invented the joystick?
C. B. Mirick
When was the joystick patented?
1926
Where was the joystick invented?
Naval Research Laboratory, USA
What is a joystick mainly used for?
Computer games and flight simulators
Which port is commonly used to connect joysticks to modern computers?
USB port
Who invented the first touchscreen?
Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe
When was the first touchscreen developed?
1970s
What is the purpose of a touchscreen?
Allows users to interact using fingers or a stylus
Where are touchscreens commonly used?
ATMs, kiosks, stores, airports, museums
Who commonly used light pens in early computers?
Graphic terminals like IBM 2250
Why are light pens no longer commonly used?
Replaced by touchscreens
What is a webcam used for?
Capturing photos and live video
Where is a webcam usually located in a laptop?
Built-in above the screen
Who invented the scanner?
Russell Kirsch
When was the scanner invented?
1957
What is the function of a scanner?
Converts text or images into digital form
What is another name for a barcode reader?
Point of Sale (POS) scanner
What does a barcode reader do?
Reads barcodes and inputs product details
Where are barcode readers commonly used?
Supermarkets, stores, libraries
Who invented the microphone?
Emile Berliner
When was the microphone invented?
1877
What does the system unit contain?
CPU, motherboard, hard drive, RAM
What was the first motherboard called?
Planar
Which company introduced the first motherboard?
IBM
True or False: A joystick was first invented for video games.
False
True or False: The first touchscreen was developed in the 1970s.
True
True or False: Light pens are still commonly used in modern computers.
False
True or False: A barcode reader is the same as a handheld scanner.
False
Why was the joystick originally invented?
For remote piloting aircraft
What makes a touchscreen different from a keyboard and mouse?
It is both an input and output device
How does a barcode reader help in retail stores?
It scans product barcodes to retrieve details instantly
Why are webcams important for online communication?
They allow video conferencing and online chats
What is an expansion slot?
“A socket on the motherboard where an expansion card can be inserted.”
What is the purpose of an expansion slot?
“To add new devices or capabilities to a computer.”
True or False: Expansion slots allow the CPU to communicate with peripheral devices.
“True”
Which expansion slot is used for video cards?
“AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)”
What does PCI stand for?
“Peripheral Component Interconnect”
Which expansion slot is used for network cards and sound cards?
“PCI”
What is an expansion card?
“A small circuit board inserted into an expansion slot to add functionality.”
True or False: Expansion cards increase the functionality of a system.
“True”
Name three types of expansion cards.
“Network Interface Card
What is a riser card used for?
“To install another card at a 90-degree angle in limited space.”
True or False: Laptops have expansion slots like desktops.
“False”
What is required for expanding a laptop’s capabilities?
“PC card or external adapters.”
What are the four basic operations of a computer?
“Input
What is the function of the Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU)?
“Performs arithmetic and logical operations.”
What does CU stand for in a computer system?
“Control Unit”
Which unit directs data flow in a computer?
“Control Unit (CU)”
True or False: Primary storage is also known as secondary storage.
“False”
What is an example of secondary storage?
“Hard drive
What is an example of primary storage?
“RAM”
Which port is used for wired internet connection?
“RJ-45 (Ethernet) port”
True or False: The GPU is a type of expansion card.
“True”
Where does an expansion card connect to?
“Expansion slot on the motherboard”
Which slot is used to install a new video card?
“AGP or PCI slot”
What is another name for an Ethernet port?
“RJ-45 port”
What is the main function of the PCI interface?
“To connect expansion cards to the motherboard”Question
What is the first operation in a computer system?
“Input Operation”
Which operation manipulates data into a useful form?
“Processing Operation”
True or False: Storage operation allows users to retain and retrieve data.
“True”
Which operation displays the result to the user?
“Output Operation”
_____ is a set of instructions that guides the hardware for performing tasks.
“Software”
Software acts as an interface between the user and _____.
“Hardware”
True or False: A computer can function without software.
“False”
Which type of software controls internal computer operations?
“System Software”
Which software type carries out necessary operations for a specific function?
“Application Software”
Name two major categories of software.
“System Software
Give an example of general-purpose software.
“Word Processor
Give an example of specific-purpose software.
“Reservation System
True or False: System software interacts closely with hardware.
“True”
Which software acts as an interface between hardware and applications?
“System Software”
Which software is responsible for managing all operations of a computer?
“Operating System”
Which software controls hardware devices?
“Device Drivers”
Name a type of utility software.
“Antivirus
Which system software manages memory and processing?
“Operating System”
Which system software is needed to communicate with peripherals?
“Device Drivers”
Which software helps secure user accounts and passwords?
“Utility Software”
Name an example of an operating system.
“Windows
What does a device driver do?
“Controls hardware devices and enables communication with the OS”
True or False: Every device needs a separate driver to function.
“False”
Which devices do NOT require device drivers?
“Hard Drive
What is the function of a language processor?
“Translates programming code into machine language”
Name three types of language translators.
“Interpreter
Which language translator converts source code line by line?
“Interpreter”
Which language translator converts the entire source code at once?
“Compiler”
What type of software is needed to develop other software?
“Programming Software”
What is an example of an expansion slot?
“PCI
What is inserted into an expansion slot?
“Expansion Card”
Which expansion slot is used for video cards?
“AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)”
Which expansion slot is used for network cards and sound cards?
“PCI”
True or False: Laptops have expansion slots like desktops.
“False”
Name two examples of expansion cards.
“Sound Card
What are the four basic operations of a computer?
“Input
What does ALU stand for?
“Arithmetic and Logic Unit”
Which unit directs data flow in a computer?
“Control Unit (CU)”
What is the difference between primary and secondary storage?
“Primary storage is temporary (RAM)
Which port is used for wired internet?
“RJ-45 (Ethernet) port”
What is the role of a compiler?
“Translates source code into machine code all at once”
What is the role of an interpreter?
“Translates source code into machine code line by line”
What is the role of an assembler?
“Converts assembly language into machine code”
What does an operating system manage?
“Memory
Which program is the first to load when a computer starts?
“Operating System”
Which program provides a platform to run applications?
“Operating System”
True or False: Without an operating system, a computer cannot function.
“True”Question
What is productivity software?
“A program that helps users solve problems and work efficiently.”
Give an example of word processing software.
“MS Word
Which software is used for handling large amounts of data?
“Database Software”
True or False: MS Excel is a spreadsheet software.
“True”
Name an example of multimedia software.
“RealPlayer
Which software is used to create slideshows?
“Presentation Software”
Give an example of business software.
“Accounting packages
True or False: Business software helps with entertainment.
“False”
What is the purpose of business software?
“To perform business-related tasks like accounting and payroll.”
Which software is used for managing finances?
“Personal finance software”
True or False: Book-keeping software is an example of entertainment software.
“False”
Name an example of entertainment software.
“Computer Games
What is the purpose of educational software?
“To teach and educate users”
Which software is used to track student progress in schools?
“Learning Management System (LMS)”
Which software is used for campus-related activities?
“Campus Management System (CMS)”
Which software helps with managing classrooms?
“Classroom Management Software”
Which software is used for creating books, newspapers, and magazines?
“Desktop Publishing Software”
What is the purpose of referencing software?
“To manage citations and references for academic work”
True or False: Movie makers are considered entertainment software.
“True”
Which type of software is used for payroll management?
“Business Software”
Which software category includes Open Source, Shareware, and Freeware?
“Other types of software”
What is open-source software?
“Software that allows users to access and modify its source code”
What is shareware?
“Software that is free for a limited time but requires payment for full access”
What is freeware?
“Software that is free to use without any cost”
True or False: Open-source software is free and cannot be modified.
“False”
Name a common example of freeware.
“Adobe Acrobat Reader
True or False: Shareware is free forever.
“False”
Which software is best for writing and formatting documents?
“Word Processing Software”
Which software is used for storing and managing large amounts of structured data?
“Database Software”
Which software is used for making financial calculations and data analysis?
“Spreadsheet Software”
Which software is mainly used for creating presentations?
“Presentation Software”
Which category does bookkeeping software fall into?
“Business Software”
Which type of software is used for designing and publishing books and newspapers?
“Desktop Publishing Software”
Which software is used in schools for managing admissions, staff, and transportation?
“School Management Software”
Which software helps in scheduling and tracking school timetables?
“Time Table Software”
Which software is used for staff management in schools?
“Staff Management Software”
Which software is used for tracking payroll in organizations?
“Payroll Software”
Which type of software provides digital entertainment?
“Entertainment Software”
Which software is used for watching videos and listening to music?
“Audio/Video Players”
Which software is used for managing hostel activities in schools?
“Hostel Management Software”
Which software is used in business for managing front office operations?
“Front Office Management Software”
Which software is used to track financial transactions in businesses?
“Accounting Software”
Which software is used for school admissions and student records?
“Registration Software”
Which software is used to manage school transportation?
“Transport Management Software”
Which software is used for movie production and video editing?
“Movie Maker Software”Question
What is a hard disk?
“A secondary storage device that stores data permanently.”
True or False: A compact disk (CD) is a flat, round, portable storage device.
“True”
What is a plotter used for?
“A sophisticated printer used to produce high-quality graphics.”
What does a multimedia projector do?
“Projects information from a computer onto a screen for clear viewing.”
Memory is also known as __________.
“Main memory
True or False: ROM is a volatile memory.
“False”
What type of memory is RAM?
“A volatile memory that holds data while the computer is on.”
Memory is measured in __________.
“Bytes”
A byte consists of how many bits?
“8”
What does processing operation do?
“Converts data into information.”
What is a port?
“An interface for connecting external devices to the system.”
Which operation takes data from the user via an input device?
“Input Operation”
What does storing operation do?
“Stores data on storage devices for later reading/writing.”
Output operation shows results to the user on an __________.
“Output device”
Software is a set of __________.
“Instructions that guide hardware to perform a task.”
True or False: System software acts as an interface between the user and the computer.
“True”
What is the role of an operating system?
“Controls all hardware and software of a computer and provides a platform for applications.”
What is a device driver?
“A program that controls a specific type of attached device.”
Which software provides security functions like password protection and virus protection?
“Utility software”
True or False: Application software performs tasks given by the user.
“True”
What is the function of language processors?
“Convert high-level language into machine language.”
What is open-source software (OSS)?
“Software that allows users to study
True or False: Open-source software is always paid.
“False”
Match the abbreviation: ENIAC
“Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer”
Match the abbreviation: EDVAC
“Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer”
Match the abbreviation: UNIVAC
“Universal Automatic Computer”
Match the abbreviation: VGA
“Video Graphics Array”
Match the abbreviation: HDMI
“High-Definition Multimedia Interface”
Match the abbreviation: IEEE
“Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers”
Match the abbreviation: ATM
“Automated Teller Machine”
Match the abbreviation: GPS
“Global Positioning System”
What is a computer?
“An electronic device that processes input data and provides output.”
Which component was used in first-generation computers?
“Vacuum tubes”
What replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation?
“Transistors”
Third-generation computers used __________.
“Integrated Circuits (ICs)”
Which technology was introduced in the fourth generation?
“Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) microprocessors”
Fifth-generation computers are based on __________.
“Artificial intelligence (AI) and Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)”
Who is known as the ‘Father of Modern Digital Computer’?
“Charles Babbage”
What are analog computers based on?
“Analog signals representing continuous data”
True or False: Digital computers use discrete signals.
“True”
What is a hybrid computer?
“A combination of digital and analog technologies.”
Laptops fall under which category?
“Microcomputers”
Who finds problems, explores solutions, and recommends software?
“Systems Analyst”
Who is responsible for configuring and securing networks?
“Network Administrator”
What does a Database Administrator (DBA) do?
“Manages and maintains an organization’s database.”
What is hardware?
“The tangible
What is a scanner used for?
“An input device that scans images into a computer.”
What does a barcode reader do?
“Uses laser beams to read barcodes on products.”
Where are all the electronic components stored in a computer?
“System unit”
What are registers?
“High-speed temporary storage locations inside the CPU.”Question
What is closed-source software?
“Software that does not allow users to access
True or False: Open-source software is free and allows users to modify the source code.
“True”
Which of the following is NOT an open-source software? (Linux, Apache, Firefox, Microsoft Word)
“Microsoft Word”
What is open-source software?
“Computer software that is available for free with access to source code
Examples of open-source software include __________.
“Linux
True or False: Open-source software is always developed by a single person.
Question
What is a computer?
“An electronic device that accepts data as input
True or False: The vacuum tube was used in the First Generation of computers.
“True”
In which generation were transistors introduced?
“Second Generation”
What replaced transistors in the Third Generation of computers?
“Integrated Circuits (ICs)”
What is VLSI and in which generation was it introduced?
“Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) microprocessors
Which generation of computers introduced ULSI and artificial intelligence?
“Fifth Generation”
Who is considered the ‘Father of Modern Digital Computer’?
“Charles Babbage”
__________ computers use continuous data and signals.
“Analog”
True or False: Digital computers represent data using discrete signals.
“True”
What type of computer combines digital and analog technologies?
“Hybrid Computer”
Which category does a laptop fall under?
“Microcomputer”
What is the role of a Systems Analyst?
“Finds problems
Who is responsible for configuring, maintaining, and securing a network?
“Network Administrator”
The __________ is responsible for designing, implementing, maintaining, and repairing an organization’s database.
“Database Administrator (DBA)”
True or False: Hardware refers to the intangible parts of a computer.
“False”
What is an input device that scans images and converts them into digital format?
“Scanner”
Which device uses laser beams to read bar codes?
“Barcode Reader”
Where are all electronic components housed inside a computer?
“System Unit”
What are registers used for in a CPU?
“High-speed temporary storage locations for data and instructions.”
