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Fundamentals for success in business > Fundamentals for success in business > Flashcards

Fundamentals for success in business Flashcards

1
Q

ability

A

Possession of the means or skill to do something

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2
Q

Active listening

A

Giving the sender full, undisturbed attention with the intention of fully receiving his or her message

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3
Q

aggressive communicator

A

Forceful communication style often carried out in a loud and hostile manner

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4
Q

assertive communicator

A

Productive communication style used by those who express their ideas while listening attentively to others

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5
Q

Attraction

A

Mechanism by which employees align and are drawn to organizations that match individual culture, preferences, and working style.

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6
Q

Attraction–selection–attrition (A–S–A)

A

A theory holding that (1) individuals are attracted to organizations whose members are similar to themselves in terms of personality, values, interests, and other attributes; (2) organizations are more likely to select those who possess knowledge, skills, and abilities similar to the ones their existing members possess; and (3) over time, those who do not fit in well are more likely to leave

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7
Q

Attrition

A

The unpredictable and uncontrollable but normal reduction of work force due to resignations, retirement, sickness, or death

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8
Q

Autocratic style

A

Leadership style that keeps close control over subordinates and does not seek much input from others

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9
Q

barrier to effective communication

A

Factor that prevents the receiver from receiving and understanding the message accurately

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10
Q

behavioral event interviews

A

Guided interview questions where individuals describe their thoughts and feelings during specific situations and a coach helps establish a development plan

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11
Q

channel

A

Means of passing information from sender to recipient, such as via face-to-face meeting or telephone call

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12
Q

code of ethics

A

Guide that publicly sets out an organization’s key values and ethical obligations

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13
Q

Coercive power

A

Ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance

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14
Q

Communication

A

Sharing understanding and meaning via oral, nonverbal, and written forms

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15
Q

communication style

A

Dominant way in which an individual interacts and exchanges information with others

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16
Q

Competing Values Framework (CVF) model

A

Framework for assessing organizational culture and organizational dynamics

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17
Q

competing values framework model

A

Framework for assessing organizational culture and organizational dynamics

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18
Q

Consideration

A

The relationship oriented behaviors of a leader

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19
Q

corporate culture

A

The attitudes, values, and standards of behavior that distinguishes one organization from another

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20
Q

corporate social responsibility (CSR)

A

Philosophy in which a company voluntarily engages in actions that benefit society, be it economically, socially, politically, or environmentally

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21
Q

Design thinking

A

A method of problem-solving strategy wherein the data collected are expressed visually in order to create new strategies, ways, and methods to solve problems, create opportunities, or strengthen weaknesses

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22
Q

Effective communication

A

When information transmitted is interpreted by the receiver in the way it was intended by the sender

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23
Q

emotional intelligence

A

The capacity to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions and handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically

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24
Q

Emotional quotient

A

The level of a person’s emotional intelligence, often as represented by a score in a standardized test

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25
Q

empathy

A

Being attuned and sensitive to the emotional states of others

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26
Q

employee-member-centered behaviors

A

Behaviors that focus on supporting employees

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27
Q

EQ

A

The level of a person’s emotional intelligence, often as represented by a score in a standardized test

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28
Q

Ethics

A

Principles that serve as a compass about how to behave

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29
Q

Expert power

A

Power based on knowledge and special skill or experience

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30
Q

Formal leaders

A

A person who is officially designated as the leader of a group

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31
Q

greenwashing

A

When organizations carry about CSR missions in an inauthentic way, using them to increase publicity rather than to spur real change

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32
Q

Idealized influence

A

Form of transformational leadership in which a leader models behaviors and attitude that subordinates choose to emulate

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33
Q

illegal-ethical

A

Dilemma in which the ethical choice would be in violation of established laws

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34
Q

individual contributor

A

Someone who uses their personal skills to contribute to a team

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35
Q

Individualized consideration

A

Form of transformational leadership in which a leader takes the time to learn about the talents of each individual and puts them to good use

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36
Q

Influence tactics

A

The way individuals attempt to influence one another in organizations

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37
Q

Informal leaders

A

A person who is not officially appointed as the head of a group

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38
Q

Information power

A

Power that stems from when a leader possesses knowledge that others need or want

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39
Q

Initiating

A

The task-related behaviors of a leader

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40
Q

inspirational appeals

A

Engage values, emotions, and beliefs to gain support for course of action

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41
Q

Inspirational motivation

A

Form of transformational leadership in which a leader inspires a passionate vision among subordinates or the organization itself

42
Q

Job-centered behaviors

A

Refers to supervisory functions, such as planning, scheduling, coordinating work activities, and providing resources

43
Q

journaling

A

Self-reflective process of recording thoughts and emotions from day to day in order to identify patterns

44
Q

Knowledge

A

Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education

45
Q

Laissez-faire style

A

A largely “hands-off” leadership style that provides considerable freedom to subordinates

46
Q

leader

A

A person who holds a dominant position in a field and can exercise a high degree of control or influence over others

47
Q

Leadership

A

The activity of leading a group of people or an organization or the ability to do so

48
Q

leadership style

A

Manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people

49
Q

legal

A

An act that is allowed or is in conformity with the law of the land

50
Q

legal-unethical

A

Dilemma in which established laws are not in accordance or do not uphold the ethical choice

51
Q

Legitimate power

A

Power that comes from one’s organizational role or position

52
Q

locus of control

A

Extent to which an entity believes the current and anticipated circumstances and their response to them are within their control

53
Q

Machiavellian

A

Cunning, scheming, and unscrupulous

54
Q

manager

A

An individual who oversees a certain group of tasks or a certain subset of a company and often has a staff of people who report to them

55
Q

McKinsey 7-S

A

An organizational model developed in the 1980s by Tom Peters and Robert Waterman (the authors of “In Search of Excellence”) that analyzes seven key internal aspects of an organization that need to be aligned if it is to achieve its objectives and improve performance

56
Q

Mechanistic

A

Hierarchical, bureaucratic, organizational structure characterized by (1) centralization of authority, (2) formalization of procedures and practices, and (3) specialization of functions

57
Q

meditation

A

Focusing all of your energy and attention on one specific area of the present moment

58
Q

mindfulness

A

Consciousness of the present moment

59
Q

Morals

A

Rules people develop as a result of cultural norms and values and are, traditionally passed down through generations and characterize a cultural group

60
Q

motivation

A

Emotional tendencies that impact your ability to reach personal goals

61
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Expressing information without the use of spoken or written words such as using body language, tone of voice, facial expressions, and even silence

62
Q

Oral communication

A

Expressing information or ideas through spoken words

63
Q

Organic

A

Organizational structure characterized by (1) flatness: communications and interactions are horizontal, (2) low specialization: knowledge resides wherever it is most useful, and (3) decentralization: great deal of formal and informal participation in decision-making

64
Q

Organizational culture

A

The shared values, beliefs, and norms of an organization that affect the strategies and operating procedures of the business

65
Q

Organizational ethics

A

Rules, principles, and standards for deciding what is morally right or wrong when doing business

66
Q

Organizational structure

A

A system used to define a hierarchy within an organization

67
Q

Participative style

A

Leadership style that seeks input from subordinates

68
Q

passive communicator

A

Tentative communication style used by those who are hesitant to speak up

69
Q

passive-aggressive communication style

A

Indirect communication style that uses hidden messages to express needs and ideas

70
Q

Pentagon Papers

A

Illegal-ethical conflict in which U.S. government officials leaked top secret papers to inform the public about government actions during the Vietnam War

71
Q

Pentagon Papers Case

A

Illegal-ethical conflict in which U.S. government officials leaked top secret papers to inform the public about government actions during the Vietnam War

72
Q

people-oriented style

A

Leadership style that is primarily concerned with interpersonal relations in the workplace

73
Q

Person–job fit

A

The degree to which a person’s skill, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics match the job demands

74
Q

Person–organization fit

A

The degree to which a person’s values, personality, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization

75
Q

Personal communication

A

Information that is exchanged between sender and recipient for personal purposes

76
Q

Personal competencies

A

Emotional intelligence competencies related to self-awareness, self-regulation, and motivation

77
Q

Rational persuasion

A

Using facts, data, and logical arguments to try to convince others that one point of view is the best alternative

78
Q

Referent power

A

Ability of the leader to influence people because of their attraction and respect to the leader

79
Q

rehearsing

A

When the receiver is preparing what to say in response instead of actively listening to sender’s message

80
Q

Relationship management

A

Part of a strategy to engage existing customers in order to retain them and understand their evolving needs or demands. It is a business paradigm where a business views the association with its patrons as an ongoing relationship rather than a mere transaction.

81
Q

Reward power

A

Ability to grant a reward to an employee in exchange for job performance

82
Q

Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX)

A

Law aimed at improving corporate transparency by requiring clear reporting practices

83
Q

Selection

A

Mechanism by which organizations choose employees for a specific role and/or fit.

84
Q

self-awareness

A

Knowing your inner preferences, beliefs, and resources in order to recognize patterns in your behavior and thoughts

85
Q

self-regulation

A

Controlling your thoughts and impulses in order to manage your internal state

86
Q

simulation feedback

A

Participation in challenging emotional intelligence simulations in order to receive feedback on EQ competencies

87
Q

Situational Theories of Leadership

A

Leadership theory that suggests that to be effective, leaders must adapt their style based on the circumstances

88
Q

Skills

A

Experience and behaviors associated with the application of knowledge

89
Q

Social competencies

A

Emotional intelligence competencies related to empathy and social skills

90
Q

social skills

A

A broad range of behaviors related to managing relationships with others

91
Q

Stakeholders

A

Those who have a stake in the performance and output of an organization, such as employees, unions, investors, suppliers, consumers, local and national governments, and communities

92
Q

task-oriented style

A

Leadership style that is primarily concerned job tasks

93
Q

Transactional leadership

A

Leadership style that assumes employees have their own desires and will not be motivated without extrinsic rewards from leadership

94
Q

Transformational leadership

A

Leadership style that assumes it is possible to intrinsically motivate employees so that their desires match those of leadership

95
Q

Values

A

Stable life goals that people have that reflect what is most important to them

96
Q

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

A

An IQ test designed to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents

97
Q

WGU Code of Student Conduct

A

The organizational code of ethics that governs responsible and respectful behavior at WGU

98
Q

whistleblowers

A

Those who tell the public or the authorities about alleged misconduct occurring in a government department, private company, or organization

99
Q

World Trade Organization (WTO)

A

International organization tasked with promoting global trade, enforcing common trade regulations, and helping promote ethical behavior among members

100
Q

Written communication

A

Expressing information in the form of written words

Fundamentals for success in business (4 decks)

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