Fundamentals Exam 1 Flashcards
Name the 3 levels of health care
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
This level of health care is preventative with health promotion, focuses of illness prevention, and health care today is more aimed at this level
Primary
This is the health care level of diagnosing and treating an illness
Secondary
This is the health care level that focuses on rehabilitation, health restoration, and palliative or end of life care
Tertiary
What are the 5 frameworks for nursing care
Primary Nursing Case Method Team Nursing Case Management Functional Method
The framework for nursing care when one nurse is responsible for total care for a caseload of clients over time, continuity of care
Primary nursing
The oldest case method in nursing
Private Duty Nursing
The case method in which the nurse is responsible for all the care of the patient, can be responsible for more than one patient at a time, and could care for a different patient every day
Total Patient Care
What are the 3 parts of team nursing
Team leader
Team members
Team conference
The role in team nursing when an RN is accountable for all the care and the rest of the team reports to them
Team leader
The role in team nursing where they are assigned functions or procedures to preform for all clients: meds, treatments, bedside nurse
Team member
The part of the nursing team utilized to communicate and develop a plan of care
Team conference
The framework fo nursing care responsible for a case load of patients in the hospital and follow up after discharge, also work with insurance companies to help patient receive the best possible care in the most cost-effective way
Case Managers
Inspire and motivate, influence others to work together to accomplish goals
Leaders
Employees whom the organization has given authority, power, and responsibility to accomplish the work of the organization. They plan, organize, and coordinate
Managers
This style of leadership makes decisions for the group, assumes the group is incapable, great for emergency situations, productivity is usually high, but autonomy and self-motivation low, degree of openness and trust between group & leader is low
Autocratic (authoritarian)
This style of leadership encourages group discussion and decision making, assumes individuals are internally motivated and capable of making decisions,
allows more self-motivation and creativity among members, very effective in the health care setting
Democratic (participative)
This style of leadership assumes group is internally motivated and needs autonomy, assumes a “hands off” approach and tends to minimize the amount of direction and face time needed, may be a lack of cooperation & coordination, works well if you have highly trained and motivated group
Laissez-faire (non-directive, permissive)
This style of leadership assumes group is externally motivated, but does not trust them to make decisions, relies on organizational rules, rules, rules, rules and policies – inflexible, motivates through systematic rewards and punishments
Bureaucratic (transactional)
This style of leadership adapts the leadership style to the situation, allows certain things to happen depending on the situation, concern for interpersonal relationships and a focus on activities that meet group members’ needs.. Could end up using any of the previously mentioned styles – determined by the group’s needs
Situational
In this style of leadership no one person is considered to have more knowledge or ability than another in the group.. In essence, all are leaders
Shared
The level of management where they manage the work of non-managerial staff and the day-to-day activities of the work group: schedule, room assignments
First level managers
The level of management where they supervise first-level managers and are a liaison between first and upper level managers: problems, evaluation, policy & procedure changes
Middle level managers
The level of management where executives are responsible for establishing goals and plans for the organization: goals, budgeting
Upper level managers
The transferring of responsibility for the performance of an activity or task to another member of the health care team while retaining accountability for the outcome.. huge part of nursing
Delegation
What are the 5 rights of delegation?
Task Circumstances Person Communication Supervision and evaluation
One of the rights of delegation..
Must be in the delegate’s scope of practice and job description
Must be right for the specific client
The right task
This right of delegation considers 4 factors:
stability of the patient’s condition
the potential for harm while performing the task
nurse should be able to problem solve and make decisions
the level of technology in use
The right circumstance
The right of delegation when a clear, complete, and concise description of the task is given, its ongoing and need to be sure the delegate understands the directions
The right communication
The right of delegation when there is appropriate monitoring and feedback is given
The supervision and evaluation
What should you know before delegating..
Policies
How your state board defines these roles
Know the nursing practice act
Think about whether the person has the skills and knowledge to actually do what you asked
Health care delivery skill:
an important first step in developing a caring relationship with your client
involves a focused and complete patient assesment
Clinical decision
Health care delivery skill:
realizing what problems and situations need to be taken care of first
Priority setting
Health care delivery skill:
Being effective and efficient in implementing a plan of care
Effective use of time
Being able to do more than one thing at a time
Having all equipment ready and the client prepared for procedures
Organizational skills
Health care delivery skill:
Helps client care occur more smoothly
Seek assistance when necessary
Know your limitations and seek help from professional colleagues for guidance and support
Communicating with patient and patient’s family
Working together
Health care delivery skill:
essential to remain goal oriented and use this wisely
must learn so that activities of care, as well as client goals, an be achieved
anticipate when care may be interrupted
complete one task before starting another
Time management
Health care delivery skill:
An ongoing process
when you look at effectiveness of therapies
when you look client responses to care
when you help maintain progress towards goals.
Evaluation
Health care delivery skill:
Show respect for one another’s ideas
Share information, Keep one another informed
Treat colleagues with respect and listen to the ideas of other staff members
Team communication
A dynamic, flexible environment that is concerned with the specific needs of an individual patient and/or groups of patients to promote a positive living experience and positive health changes… they may need/want family one day but the next day they may not
Therapeutic environment
What are the characteristics of a therapeutic environment
- Adequate Comfort (temperature, ventilation, lighting, nonskid surfaces….)
- Safe
- Individualization of patient care
- An atmosphere that encourages communication
- A feeling of “security” for the patient
- A feeling of self worth for the patient
- Diversional activities
Characteristic of a therapeutic environment:
To protect clients and themselves from injury, but a danger free environment is rare
Its a basic need used in the work environment
prevents harm and allows clients to feel secure
allows the client to meet other human needs
age matters
injuries may occur
just be preventative
Safety
A type of injury from a fall or a blow:
falling out of bed
slipping on the floor
tripping over cords
Mechanical injury
Injury from heat or fire:
hot water bottles
heating pads
lamps
Thermal injury
An injury involving strong chemical on the skin, can be internal, such as wrong medications
Chemical injury
Injury involving burns from faulty wiring, touching electrical connections with wet hands
Electrical injury
Injury involving overexposure to xray but can be prevented by using the lead vests
Radiation injury
Injury caused by disease producing microorganisms
Patients are usually more susceptible because of their illness.. wash hands and keep things sterile!
Bacteriological injury
Injury caused by patient’s susceptibility to materials in the environment
Allergens
Avoid this injury by preventing sensory deprivation or overload, which can contribute to confusion and hinder the patient’s safety
Psychological injury
Name common risks to nurses
Exposure to blood-borne pathogens: needlesticks
Back injuries: moving patients
Exposure to harmful medications: chemotherapy
Threats of violence and assaults from clients and visitors: families can become easily angered
The leading cause of unintentional injury among adults
Falls
