Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

It is considered as the ultimate ancestor of the computer.

A

Abacus

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2
Q

Is a calculating tool which is consists of beads affixed on rods within a rectangular frame.

A

Abacus

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3
Q

Charles Babbage, also known as the?

A

Father of Computing

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4
Q

What are the invention of Charles Babbage? (2)

A

Difference Engine
Analytical Engine

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5
Q

Charles Babbage was born on?

A

December 26, 1791

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6
Q

Was conceived to perform quick tabular calculations.

A

Difference Engine

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7
Q

The Difference engine was powered by?

A

Steam

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8
Q

Ten years into crafting the Difference Engine, Babbage came up with the idea of a more sophisticated machine called the?

A

Analytical Engine

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9
Q

It was the first ever device that can be considered as a computer.

A

Analytical Engine

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10
Q

The basic design of the Analytical Engine required over how many components?

A

50,000

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11
Q

Analytical Engine utilized I/O media called?

A

Jacquard’s Punched Cards.

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12
Q

It originally used to lay down thread arrangements in weaving.

A

Jacquard’s Punched Cards.

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13
Q

A perforated card that can indicate numerical values.

A

Jacquard’s Punched Cards.

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14
Q

In this generation, they were based on the use of wired circuits
containing vacuum tubes and utilized punched cards as the main storage medium.

A

First Generation

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15
Q

First Generation of Computer uses this language involved the manipulation of bits to tell the computer how to operate.

A

Machine Language

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16
Q

(ENIAC) stands for?

A

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

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17
Q

It’s a hulk of machinery consists of 18,000 vacuum tubes,
70,000 resistors, and 5,000,000 soldered joints, and occupied a space equal to a small warehouse.

A

ENIAC

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18
Q

ENIAC composed of how many vacuum tubes?

A

18,000

19
Q

ENIAC composed of how many resistors?

A

70,000

20
Q

ENIAC composed of how many soldered joints?

A

5,000,000

21
Q

(EDVAC) stands for?

A

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer

22
Q

Who designed designed the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC)?

A

1945, Von Neumann

23
Q

It is a pioneer in implementing the von Neumann’s architecture, the key to the (CPU) which allowed computer functions to be coordinated through a single source.

A

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC)

24
Q

This computer generation had focused on the development of the transistor.

A

Second Generation

25
Q

The Second Generation of Computer uses this language for a more specialized language with easier abbreviated programming codes called?

A

Assembly language

26
Q

It essentially replaced the complicated and difficult binary code of machine language.

A

Assembly language

27
Q

This computer generation is all about integration.

A

Third Generation

28
Q

The first integrated circuit (IC) was invented independently by? (2)

A

Jack Kilby
Robert Noyce

29
Q

This computer generation is the development of user-friendly software packages that offered non-technical users many of the advantages of computer applications.

A

Fourth Generation

30
Q

In Fourth Generation of Computer, it is characterized by the application of advanced engineering techniques that allow for? (2)

A

very-large-scale-integration (VLSI)
ultra-large-scale-integration (ULSI)

31
Q

ULSI stands for?

A

ultra-large-scale-integration

32
Q

VLSI stans for?

A

very-large-scale-integration

33
Q

In Fourth Generation of Computer, with this, the power of computers increased from 50 operations per second for a high-end machine in? to 250 operations per second in? to millions of operation per second __?

A

1955
1977
today

34
Q

This computer generation can understand human speech and can recognize patterns like faces and other complex images.

A

Fifth Generation

35
Q

It’s a computer application that uses computer in various purposes such as storing information in databases, and facilitating the processing and presentation of data.

A

Business

36
Q

It’s a computer application which computers have taken part on the advancement of various fields of scientific and mathematical endeavors.

A

Mathematics and Science

37
Q

A type of computer which is a personal computers intended for business or professional use which are faster and more capable than personal computers.

A

Workstations Computers

38
Q

These are small types of personal computers which are very easy to carry anywhere.

A

Palmtop / Hand-held Computers

39
Q

It is a computer in a notebook or a slate form that accepts input through the uses of digitizing tablet technology or a touch screen.

A

Tablet PC

40
Q

It is an industry term for large computers that are typically used for commercial applications of business and large-scale computing purposes.

A

Mainframe Computers

41
Q

What is the Information Processing Cycle?

A
  1. Accepts data: input
  2. Processes data: processing
  3. Produces output: output
  4. Stores results: storage
42
Q

These are data that were transformed into a useful form like complete mailing address.

A

Information

43
Q

Individual facts such as name, price, and quantity ordered.

A

Data

44
Q

It’s what you call original settings in computers.

A

Default