fundamentalism

Question 1

What is religious fundamentalism?

Answer 1

Traditional, conservative views about society

Question 2

What are features of fundamentalism?

Answer 2

• Literal interpretation of sacred texts (infallible)
• Using shock tactics to attract attention from wider society
• Patriarchal
• World rejecting stance (typically sects)

Question 3

What is the difference between cosmopolitanism and fundamentalism?

Answer 3

Former = liberal, open-minded and progressive vs latter = conservative, close-minded and traditional

Question 4

Which sociologist who loves modernity came up with the concept of cosmopolitanism?

Answer 4

Giddens

Question 5

According to Bruce, what is fundamentalism a response to?

Answer 5

The spread of cosmopolitan views through globalisation

Question 6

What are the two types of fundamentalism? (Bruce)

Answer 6

Western - protecting traditional views against cosmopolitan ones e.g. Westboro Baptist Church in America, Christian New Right (80s)

Third World (Islamic) - protecting cultural views and the country’s heritage against external, Western forces trying to implement a more secular society e.g. Iranian revolution 1979

Question 7

What is the third type of fundamentalism according to Davie?

Answer 7

Secular fundamentalism - protecting traditional secular views against progressive liberal views e.g. banning of religious symbols in schools in France 2004 and far right French councils taking away pork alternatives to Muslim students