Fundamental Concepts

Question 1

A way to prevent clotting by sewing the vein of the recipient directly to the artery of the donor

Answer 1

Anastomoses

Question 2

Three areas of RBC biology that are crucial for normal erythrocyte survival and function

Answer 2

1. Normal chemical composition and structure of RBC membrane
2. Hemoglobin structure and fxn
3. RBC metabolism

Question 3

The only FDA approved rejuvenation solution used in some blood centers to regenerate ATP and 2,3 - DPG levels before RBC freezing

Answer 3

Rejuvesol

Question 4

Platelets are rarely stored at 1C to 6C . True or False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What are the approved additive soln in the US for RBC storage

Answer 5

Adsol , Nutricel ,Optisol

Question 6

A donor an give blood every?

Answer 6

Every 8 weeks

Question 7

It is used primarily to salvage O-type and rare RBC units that are at outdated or with specific anticoagulant preservative soln up to 3 days past outdated

Answer 7

Rejuvenation

Question 8

How many screening test are there for infectious disease marker

Answer 8

10 screening test

Question 9

Name the 10 screening test for infectious disease marker

Answer 9

Syphilis 1950
HBsAg 1971
Anti HBc 1986
HCV 1990
Anti- HIV 1/2 1992
Anti - HTLV 1/2 1997
HIV nat 1999
HCV nat 1999
West Nile virus 2004
Anti- T. cruzi 2007

Question 10

A cytoplasmic calcium binding protein is speculated to control pumps and to prevent excessive intracellular Ca2+ build up which changes shape and make it more rigid

Answer 10

Calmodulin

Question 11

3 steps for donation process

Answer 11

1. Educational material
2. Health history questionnaires
3. Abbreviated physical examination

Question 12

The erythrocyte intracellular to extra cellular ratio for Na+ and K+ are

Answer 12

1:12,25:1

Question 13

What are the biochemical composition of RBC membrane

Answer 13

56% protein ,42% lipids ,2% CArbs

Question 14

Is a measure of in vivo RBC survival following transfusion

Answer 14

RBC viability

Question 15

How to determine RBC survival

Answer 15

RBC are taken from healthy subjects , stored and the labeled with radioisotopes and then measured after 24 hrs of transfusion

Question 16

The two criteria that are use to evaluate new preservation soln and new storage

Answer 16

24 hrs post transfusion RBC survival of more than 75%

Free HgB of less than 1% of total HgB

Question 17

How many mg of Fe are contained in 1 RBC unit

Answer 17

220-250 mg

Question 18

The loss of RBC viability is usually correlated to blank

Answer 18

RBC storage lesion

Question 19

What concentration of glycerol is commonly used for RBC freezing

Answer 19

40 % conc of glycerol freeze @-65*C

Question 20

Are preserving soln that are added to the RBC after removal

Answer 20

Additive soln

Question 21

Additive soln are contained at

Answer 21

Satellite bag

Question 22

A process of removing glycerol in the Frozen cell

Answer 22

Deglycerolization

Question 23

Deglycerolization procedure

Answer 23

Removal of glycerol is achieved by systematically replacing the cryoprotectant with decreasing concentration of saline 12% , 1.6% and 0.2 percent

Question 24

2 factors that are monitored in deglycerolizing process

Answer 24

Excessive hemolysis by noting the Hgb conc of the supernatant.
Osmolality of the unit to ensure adequate deglycerolization

Question 25

An instrument that allows the glycerolization and deglycerolization process to be performed under closed system

Answer 25

ACP 215 , Haemonetics 15 days( CPD,CPDA-1) except AS-3

Question 26

Rejuvesol rejuvenates

Answer 26

Outdate or up to 3 days after outdate

Question 27

Rejuvenation is accomplished by

Answer 27

Incubating the RBC unit with 50 ml of rejuvenating soln for 1 hr @37* C.

Question 28

Is used to extract one cellular component, returning the rest of the blood to the donor

Answer 28

Apheresis