Fundamental

Question 1

Define Alkali

Answer 1

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions

Question 2

Define base

Answer 2

A species that is a proton acceptor

Question 3

Define catalyst

Answer 3

A substance that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up in the process. Lowers the activation energy

Question 4

Define Compound

Answer 4

A substance formed from two or more chemically bonded elements in a fixed ratio. Usually showed by a chemical formula

Question 5

Define dehydration

Answer 5

An elimination reaction in which water is removed from a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated molecule

Question 6

Define Enthalpy

Answer 6

The heat content that is stored in a chemical system

Question 7

Enthalpy change of combustion

Answer 7

The Enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a substance reacts completely with oxygen under standard conditions

Question 8

Define Enthalpy change of formation

Answer 8

The Enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a compound in its standard state is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions

Question 9

Enthalpy change of reaction

Answer 9

The Enthalpy change that accompanies the reaction in molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation under standard conditions.

Question 10

Group

Answer 10

The vertical column in the periodic table. The elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and have same number of electrons in outer shell

Question 11

Hydrated

Answer 11

Crystalline and containing water molecules

Question 12

Ion

Answer 12

A positively or negatively charged atom

Question 13

Ionic bond

Answer 13

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 14

Isotopes

Answer 14

Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons and different masses

Question 15

Mole

Answer 15

The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in 12g of carbon 12 isotope. 6.02x10^23

Question 16

Molecule

Answer 16

A small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 17

Oxidation

Answer 17

Loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number

Question 18

Polymer

Answer 18

A long chain molecule built up from monomer units

Question 19

Radical

Answer 19

A species with an unpaired electron

Question 20

Reduction

Answer 20

Gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number

Question 21

Reflux

Answer 21

The continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture to ensure that the reaction takes place without the contents boiling dry

Question 22

Salt

Answer 22

A chemical compound formed from an acid, when an H+ ion has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion such as NH4+

Question 23

Species

Answer 23

Any type or particle that takes part in a chemical reaction

Question 24

Volatility

Answer 24

The ease with which a liquid turns into a gas

Question 25

Define acid

Answer 25

A species that is a proton donor