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Physiology and Histology of the Skin > Functions of skin > Flashcards

Functions of skin Flashcards

1
Q

Involves the study of anatomy, layers, and functions of the skin

A

Histology and Physiology

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2
Q

The term for microscopic anatomy

A

Histology

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3
Q

Skin is a part of this body system

A

Integumentary

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4
Q

The building blocks of proteins are also known as…

A

amino acids

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5
Q

Amino acids form ________, which then form proteins

A

peptides

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6
Q

Name the appendages of the skin

A

hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands

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7
Q

What are the six primary functions of the skin?

A

sensation, heat regulation, absorption, protection, excretion, secretion (SHAPES)

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8
Q

What vitamin does skin produce?

A

Vitamin D

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9
Q

The skin is able to detect heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure because it contains these fibers

A

nerve fibers/sensors

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10
Q

Sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in this part of the body

A

Fingertips

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11
Q

The name for the film that protects the skin from drying out

A

Hydrolipidic film

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12
Q

What is the technical term for “oil” on the epidermis that protects skin from external factors?

A

sebum

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13
Q

What is the average pH of the acid mantle?

A

pH 5.5

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14
Q

“Hydro” means…

A

water

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15
Q

“Lipidic” means…

A

oil

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16
Q

The name for the protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water

A

acid mantle

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17
Q

The skin’s mechanism that protects us from irritation and intercellular transepidermal water loss

A

barrier function

18
Q

The loss of water caused by evaporation on the skin’s surface is also known as…

A

transepidermal water loss

19
Q

What is the term for the lipid fluid between epidermal cells?

A

intercellular mix/matrix

20
Q

What is the name of the cells that produce pigment and protect our bodies from harmful ionizing UV rays?

A

melanocytes

21
Q

Melanocytes make these pigment carrying granules that produce melanin

A

melanosomes

22
Q

Melanosomes produce tiny grains of pigment called…

A

melanin

23
Q

A hormone that stimulates skin cells to reproduce and heal

A

epidermal growth factor

24
Q

Another term for cell stimulators

A

Fibroblasts

25
Q

What is the body’s average temperature?

A

98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

26
Q

Tubelike openings for sweat glands on the epidermis

A

Pores

27
Q

Tubelike depressions with oil glands attached to them

A

follicles

28
Q

When we are cold, __________ attached to hair follicles contract and cause goosebumps

A

arrector pili muscles

29
Q

Sudoriferous glands are also known as….

A

sweat glands

30
Q

What are sudoriferous glands responsible for?

A

Perspiration/sweating

31
Q

Sebacious glands produce…

A

sebum

32
Q

Through exposure to the sun, the skin synthesizes and produces this vitamin

A

Vitamin D

33
Q

A term that means “between” the cells

A

intercellular

34
Q

A term that means “across” or “through” the cells

A

transcellular

35
Q

Abbreviated to EGF, this stimulates cells to reproduce and heal

A

epidermal growth factor

36
Q

Cells that stimulate collage production and amino acids that form proteins to aid healing

A

fibroblasts

37
Q

Tiny grains of pigment produced by melanocytes as a defense mechanism to protect skin from the sun

A

melanin

38
Q

Abbreviated to TEWL and means water loss caused by evaporation on the skin’s surface

A

transepidermal water loss

39
Q

Through perspiration, sudoriferous glands prevent the body from…

A

overheating

40
Q

What are the four ways that skin helps us with thermoregulation?

A

perspiration, evaporation, radiation, insulation

41
Q

What are the four descriptors of healthy skin?

A

moist, soft, smooth, somewhat acidic

Physiology and Histology of the Skin (4 decks)

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