functions of skeletal system Flashcards
functions of skeletal system
supports the body
facilitates movement
protects internal organs
produces blood cells
stores and releases minerals and fat
system is..
bones and cartilage
bones
Bone, or osseous tissue
- hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton
-support structure of the body
- In the areas of the skeleton where bones move (for example, the ribcage and joints), cartilage, a semi-rigid form of connective tissue, provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement.
what role does the skeletal system play in the body
provides a scaffold that supports the body and holds organs, muscles and skin in place
how do bones help facilitate movement?
serve as a point of attachment for muscles and transmit forces when muscles contract, acting as levers
what is the relationship between bones, muscles, joints in movement?
bones act as levers, muscles contract to produce force and joints act as fulcrums for movement
bones support
- weight of the body
- allow for body movements
- protect internal organs
cartilage provides
- flexible strength
- support for body structures (thoracic cage external ear, trachea, larynx)
at joints of the body, cartilage can….
unite adjacent bones and provide cushioning between them
ligaments are…
strong connective tissue bands that hold bones at moveable join together, prevent excessive movements of join that would result in injury
how do muscles contribute to the movement of the skeleton
-muscles attach to skeleton via tendons
- as muscles contract, they pull on bones to produces movement, allowing actions
- without a skeleton- movement isn’t possible
tendon
Dense regular connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone
ligament
Strong connective tissue bands that hold the bones at a moveable joint together.
why do bones vary in size and length
serves a particular function.
- bones in lower back are thick and strong to support body weight
how does size of bony landmark relate to muscle strength
-size of bony landmark where muscle attaches is related to the strength of the muscle.
-stronger muscles require larger attachment sites to resist the pulling forces they generate
how do bones respond to changes in muscle strength or body weight
- bones can modify their strength and thickness in response to changes in muscle strength or body weight
- bones thicken with increased strength or body weight, become thinner with reduced muscle strength/body weight
how can diet impact bone size and thickness?
- example: eating only soft food due to loss of teeth can result in noticeable decrease in size and thickness of jaw bones
how can weight training impact bones
- bones thicken at muscle attachment sites and weight bearing bones become stronger in response to increased muscle strength or body weight
what critical functions does bone tissue perform on a metabolic level?
bone tissue serves as a reservoir for minerals like calcium and phosphorus, stores energy as fat, and produces blood cells through hematopoiesis
how does bone matrix contribute to mineral storage
bone matrix stores minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorus, can be released into bloodstream to maintain adequate levels
why are calcium ions important in the body
essential for muscle contractions and transmission of nerve impulses by controlling flow of other ions
role of bone marrow in body
-stores fat and produces blood cells
-yellow bone marrow (fat storage)
- red bone marrow (production of blood cells)
difference between yellow and red bone marrow?
- yellow marrow contains adipose tissue and serves as energy reserve
- red marrow produces blood cells including RBC, WBC, platelets
