Functions of ingredients Flashcards
Name two sources of red meat
Beef and Lamb
Name two sources of poultry
Chicken and Turkey
Name two sources of white fish.
Haddock and Cod
Name two sources of oil fish.
Tuna and Salmon
Name two sources of vegetarian protein/meat alternatives
Tofu and Mycoprotein - eg Quorn
How should raw meat be stored?
Covered and at the bottom of a fridge away from other cooked foods to avoid cross contamination.
How can you reduce the fat content of meat when cooking?
Remove visible fat and use a dry/fat free cooking method eg Grilling or roasting.
Name three different types of milk.
Whole cows milk, UHT milk and skimmed milk.
Name three different dairy products.
Yogurt, cream and cheese
How should eggs be stored?
In a fridge with the ‘blunt’ end up.
Give three functions of eggs in cooking
Glazing, binding, lightening (adding air to a cake), emulsifying (eg to stop oil and vinegar separating when making a mayo)
What is the name used to describe the process of the egg proteins turning from a liquid to a solid.
Coagulation (this happens to all protein - including in meat)
Name 5 tropical fruits
Pineapple, Kiwi, Mango, Papaya, Melons.
Name 5 vegetables
Carrots, onions, courgettes, peppers, aubergine.
Name 5 products that have a wheat product as its main ingredient.
Cake, bread, pasta, scones, biscuits.
What are the functions of flour?
Add main bulk - eg bread and cake.
Raising agent - self raising flour in cake
Coating
Thickening for a sauce
Name 3 types of sugar
Icing, granulated, caster, demerara, dark brown.
What are the functions of sugar?
Adding a sweet flavour Colour - Caramelisation Help with rising process in cakes Help with spreading process in cakes Texture - caramelisation
Name 4 herbs
Basil, parsley, chives, coriander, dill, Marjoram, oregano, bay leaf, mint, thyme, rosemary, tarragon
Name 4 spices
Chilli, cumin, cardamom, all spice, cayenne, calves, ginger, Paprika, Turmeric, curry powder
What ingredients could you add to a dessert to improve its texture.
Nuts - crunchy Whipped cream - smooth Sugar - crunchy Fruit - juicy and moist Syrup or honey - sticky
What ingredients could you add to a pasta dish to change it flavour?
Parmesan - savoury and cheesy Salt and pepper - seasoning Basil - fresh Chilli - spicing Tomatoes - sweet Lemon - sharp/sour
What can you use to decorate a dessert?
Dusting with icing sugar
Fruit - eg strawberries, raspberries or slices of citrus
Mint leaves
Fruit sauce
What can you use to garnish a dessert?
Fresh herbs - chopped or whole Grated cheese Ground pepper Grated nutmeg Slices pepper Tomato crowns Diced spring onion
