Functionalism

Question 1

How do functionalists view the family?

Answer 1

They believe the family is a corner stone of society. It performs essential functions which support social stability and cohesion.

Question 2

What 4 functions does the family perform according to Murdock?

Answer 2

Sexual- ensures adult sexual relationships are controlled and socially acceptable
Reproduction
Socialisation-teaching basic norms and values
Economic

Question 3

What functions does the family perform according to Parsons?

Answer 3

Socialisation
Stabilisation of adult personalities- emotional security which is achieved within a marital relationship between two adults e.g. a man coming home from work and being “de-stressed” by his wife

Question 4

What is meant by Parsons “Best Fit Theory”

Answer 4

Nuclear family is not universal
Structure of the family changes along side society to fit needs
Preindustrial used to be extended families
Postindustrial are now isolate nuclear families

Question 5

What does Parsons mean by structural differentiation

Answer 5

Some functions of the family as identified by Murdock have moved to other institutions e.g. the economic function has been taken on by the welfare state and the NHS

Question 6

Evaluation

Answer 6

Out of date- women now go to work
Deterministic-not everybody accepts norms and values
Ignores family diversity
Ignores the darker side of the family such as domestic violence and the oppression of women