Functionalism

Question 1

Durkheim

Answer 1

Crime is an inegral parft of all healthy societies
Crime is inevitable - normal and functioonal

Not everyone shares a value consensus therfore crime will alwyas exist

Crime causes social change (french revolution) - (Nelson Mandella)

Punishment reinforces soceitys norms and values
Crime creates social solidarity

Question 2

Merton

Answer 2

Strain theory
Strain = gap between socilaly accepted goals of society and the socially approved means of obtaining those goals

If individuals are unbale to obtain goals. Throiugh legitimate means they experience STRAIN
—> THEREFORE society encourages crime buy telling you to achieve goals you cant achieve

Capitlaism causes crime

Question 3

4 deviant responses to strain (Merton)

Answer 3

Non deviant (Conformists)

Innovators
Ritualists
Retreatists
Rebels

Question 4

Mesmer and Rosenfield

Answer 4

Crime and the american dream

In our consumer society we are what we consume

The w/c are both economicallly aand culturally deprived —> they cant buy the things thatl the w/c can which excludes them from this conumer society —> this makes crime more likely to occur

Question 5

Venkatesh

Answer 5

7 year overt observation of a drug gang

They controlled the drug trade in a city

Befriended the gang leader and found: a strict hierarchy in the gang, use of recruitment rituals, high levels of organistaion, gang leaders achived welath and status (mertons strain theory)

Question 6

Critiques of Venkatesh

Answer 6

Hawthrone effect
Not reliable
Not representative
Not practical