Functional Movement And Foot Biomechancics Flashcards
What are the 3 body systems
Active - muscular
Passive - articular
Control - neural
What is functional training
Basic building blocks of movement fit together to create more complex movement patterns which are required in sport
What are the 6 variables in movements that can be affected to cause movement dysfunction
Integration of muscle action
Combination of biomotor skills
Planes of motion
Maintainenance of centre of gravity over base of support
Acceleration, deceleration and stabilisation
Open and closed chain contribution
What can be a dysfunction in muscle action integration
Dysfunction in firing patterns of muscle actions
What is functional performance
Functional movement tests on athletes and any dysfunctions can create problems in skills set and athlete can be prone to injury
Why is dynamic posture so important?
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What is the 3 rocker approach of the foot in gait
1st rocker = foot flat - ankle plantarflexion
Foot function = mobile adaptor
2nd = early mid stance - ankle dorsiflexion
Foot function = mobile adaptor to rigid lever
3rd = heel lift - metatarsophalangeal movement
Foot function = rigid lever
What is the windlass mechanism
During toe off the first mpj goes into dorsiflexion and plantar fascia tightens
This leads to first MPJ and calcaneum drawn together increasing the height of arch
- links to foot stabilisation, rigid lever and leg ext rotation
What are dysfunctions of the feet
Rearfoot Valgus
Reatfoot varus
Forefoot Varus
Ankle equinus
Subtalar joint compression
Eversion
Excess pronation at the STJ
Excess supination at the STJ
What is ankle equinus
Bone block at the ankle, causes right Gastroc and soleus and a decreased calcaneal inclination angle
What can excess pronation at the STJ commonly exhibit
And excess supination at the STJ
Possible MSK problems such as anterior knee pain, tib ant over use, LBP, stress fractures
Possible MSK problems such as lateral knee pain, ITB syndrome, lateral ankle sprains
What should you observe during GAIT in a foot examination
Think of 3 planes of motion and note symmetry
Look at head to toe movement
What closed chain examination is done during biomechanical foot examination
Observe posture
Foot posture index
Palpate talar head, curves around mallelous and calcaneous
TNJ prominence
Angle and base of gait
Relaxed calcaneal stance position
Neutral calcaneal stance position
What open chain examination is done during biomechanical foot examination
Leg length
Hip joint
Knee joint
Malleolar torsion
Determine STJ neutral position
Ankle joint dorsiflexion
