Functional Histology of the nervous system Flashcards
What is the embryonic origin of the CNS?
Neural tube.
Which part of the nervous system, either peripheral or central, does the Optic/Retina nerve fall part of?
CNS
What is the embryonic development of the Peripheral Nervous system?
Neural Crest cells
What is the phenomenon that is produced by the basal apical regions of the nucleus?
proximal-distal polarity
Describe the difference between Anterograde and Retrograde transport.
A- axonal transport from the cell body down the axon to the synapse
R- back to cell body
Describe the difference between Golgi type 1 and Golgi type 2.
1- Long axons, use across longer distances
2- short axons, short distances
Which neuron is specific to the cerebral cortex?
Pyramidal neurons
Which neuron is specific to the cerebellum?
Purkinje cell layer
Define ganglia.
Aggregations of neuronal cell bodies outside the CNS
What are the functions of glial cells?
Structural and metabolic support
* Protection
* Guidance of axon growth in development
* Role in repair processes
Discuss Oligodendrocytes.
myelinate several axon segments
Node of
Ranvier
contains
membrane
channel
proteins
Discuss Astrocytes.
Provide structural and trophic support, regulate composition of extracellular fluid, contribute to blood-brain barrier
Contains GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)
Discuss microglia.
are derived from the monocyte lineage and are the equivalent of macrophages in the nervous system
Discuss ependymal cells.
line the ventricular lumen, regulate composition of CSF and may be involved in neurogenesis
