Functional Groups for Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Acid chloride with general structure

Answer 1

-COCL

O
║
C
/ \
R Cl

Question 2

Alcohol with general structure

Answer 2

-OH ( hydroxyl group )

R - OH

Question 3

Aldehyde with general structure

Answer 3

C = O ( carbonyl group )

 O

||
C
/ \
R H

Question 4

Alkane with general structure

Answer 4

• • ( single bond, saturated )

R - H

Question 5

Alkene with general structure

Answer 5

Double bond

\ /
C = C
/ \

Question 6

Alkyl halide with general structure

Answer 6

• X ( X being F, Cl, Br, I ) ( halo group )

R - X

Question 7

Alkyne with general structure

Answer 7

Triple bond

• C ≡ C -

Question 8

Amide with general structure

Answer 8

-CONH2
-CONHR
-CONR2

  O

||
C H ( or R )
/ \ /
R N
|
H ( or R )

Question 9

Amine with general structure

Answer 9

-NH2 ( amino group )

R - NH2
R2NH
R3N

Question 10

Anhydride with general structure

Answer 10

O O

|| ||
C C
/ \ / \
O

 O       O

|| ||
C C
/ \ / \
R O R

Question 11

Aromatic compound with general structure

Answer 11

Phenyl group

⌬

Question 12

Carboxylic acid with general structure

Answer 12

-COOH ( Carboxylic acid )

 O

||
C
/ \
R OH

Question 13

Ester with general structure

Answer 13

-COOR

 O

||
C
/ \
R OR

Question 14

Ether with general structure

Answer 14

-OR ( alkoxy group )

R - O - R

Question 15

Ketone with general structure

Answer 15

C = O ( carbonyl group )

 O

||
C
/ \
R R

Question 16

Nitrile with general structure

Answer 16

• C ≡ N ( cyano group )

R - C ≡ N

Question 17

Sulfide with general structure

Answer 17

• SR ( alkylthio group )

R - S - R

Question 18

Thiols with general structure

Answer 18

-SH ( mercapto group )

R - SH

Question 19

Thioester general structure

Answer 19

-COSR

 O

||
C
/ \
R SR