Functional Groups Flashcards
1
Q
Aromatics alt name
A
Arenes
2
Q
Aromatic features
A
Rings with double bonds
More stable than alkenes
3
Q
Heteroatoms
A
Atoms other than C or H
4
Q
Halides
A
Have 1+ halogens
Usually: Fl Cl Br I
5
Q
Thiols
A
R-SH
Suffix -thiol
Can have S-S bonds
6
Q
Ethers
A
R-O-R’ (R=C)
If in a 3-membered ring, 名前 epoxide
7
Q
Carbonyls
A
C=O groups
8
Q
Aldehydes
A
R-CH=O (R-CHO)
9
Q
Ketones
A
R-CO-R’ (R=CH3)
10
Q
Carboxylic acids
A
R-C=O-OH
11
Q
Esters
A
R-C=O-O-R’
-oate
12
Q
Amide
A
R-C=O-N-R’-R”
13
Q
Amines
A
Ns that replace Cs in alkanes
3 forms: R-NH2, R2-NH, R3-N
14
Q
Nitriles
A
C to N triple bond
Convertible into carboxylic acids and amines
-amines by reduction LiAlH4 in ether
Substits known as “cyano”
15
Q
Alkane formula
A
CₓH₂ₓ+2
16
Q
Alkene
A
C=C
1 sigma, 1 pi
Attract electrophiles
Double bonds can’t rotate unless pi breaks. Thus only geometric isomerism
