Aromatics

Question 1

Arenes

Answer 1

Aromatics with a benzene ring

Question 2

Aryl group

Answer 2

Group with benzene ring

Question 3

Phenyl group

Answer 3

C₆H₅

Question 4

Phenols and amines

Answer 4

Phenyl compounds of func group

Question 5

Hydrocarbons, chloroarenes and nitroarenes

Answer 5

Substituted benzene rings

Question 6

Delocalised structure of benzene

Answer 6

Each C shares 1 e- to form π bond

Question 7

Arene main reaction

Answer 7

Electrophilic substitution

Benzene only reacts with v reactive electrophiles

Question 8

Arene nitration

Answer 8

Benzene + concentrated nitrate acid at 55degrees C in sulfuric acid = nitro benzene thing

Question 9

Arene bromination

Answer 9

By electrophilic substitution

Only if halogen carrier is present

• iron
• aluminium halides

Question 10

Solfonation

Answer 10

Benzene + sulphuric acid = sulphonic acid

Occurs between benzene and sulfur trioxide

Question 11

Friedel-Crafts acylation (arene acylation

Answer 11

R-COCl + AlCl₃ →R-C⁺=O + AlCl₄⁻

Introduces an acyl group (CH₃C=O) to benzene

Via acyl chloride in the presence of a halogen carrier

Question 12

Benzene acylation

Answer 12

Benzene + CH₃COCl via AlCl₃ →CH₃C=O added to benzene + HCl