Functional Groups Flashcards
What are Functional Groups?
Structural units that consist of specific atoms with atoms that aren’t C or H with double/triple bonds and benzene rings.
Alcohols
Contains an OH.
Alcohol nomenclature
-Ol termination, Benzene ring Phenol, Thiol if it is an SH.
Halogenides/Haloalkanes
Contains Halogens (F,CL,BR,I)
Haloalkanes nomenclature
Fluoro, Cloro, Bromo, Iodo as a branch.
Ketones
C is double bonded to an O.
Ketone nomenclature
Numerical Prefix + -one.
Aldehydes
Double bonded C to an O at the beginning or end of the chain.
Aldehyde Nomenclature
Numerical Prefix + -al.
Carboxylic Acid
The first or last carbon of the chain is bonded to an OH and a double bonded O.
Carboxylic Acid Nomenclature
-oic acid.
Esthers
O between two C’s and one is double bonded to another C.
Esther Nomenclature
Acid Chain (Double bonded O), Alcohol chain as branch and add -oate termination.
Two or more esther nomenclature
Name the alcohol chain as a branch in alphabetical order and add the numerical prefix.
