Functional groups

Question 1

Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes

Answer 1

-ane -ene -yne

R-CH

R-CH=CH-R

R-C≡C-R

Question 2

Haloalkanes

Answer 2

Chloro- : R-Cl

Bromo- : R-Br

Fluoro- : R-F

Question 3

Alcohols

Answer 3

-ol

Types of alcohols:

Primary: Carbon bonded to OH has one other carbon bonded to it

       OH
         I
H3C-C-H
         I
        H

Secondary: Carbon bonded to OH has two carbons bonded to it

       OH
         I
H3C-C-CH3
         I
        H

Tertiary: Carbon bonded to OH has three carbons bonded to it

      OH
         I
H3C-C-CH3
         I
        CH3

Question 4

Amines, Amides

Answer 4

-amine, -amide

Amine: R-NH2

                   O
                    II
Amides:  R-C-N-R
                        I
                       H

Question 5

Aldehydes, Keytones

Answer 5

-al,-one

Aldehydes:

O
II H-C-R

Keytones:

O
II R-C-R

Question 6

Carboxylic acids

Answer 6

-oic acid

O
II
R-C-OH

Question 7

Esters

Answer 7

The group directly connected to oxygen is the alcohol group and the other is the carboxylic acid group

O
II
R1-C-O-R2

R1 is a carboxylic acid and R2 is alcohol

R1yl R2oate

Question 8

Pecking order

Answer 8

Carboxyl
Hydroxyl
Amino
Alkene
Alkyne 
Halo