Functional Group Conversions Flashcards
State reagent, conditions and reaction type
Alkene to alkane
H2 with Ni or Pt catalyst
Alkane to haloalkane
Cl2 or Br2 with UV light
Alkene to monohaloalkane
HBr or HCl
Addition
Check for the possible major/minor products from Markovnikov’s rule
Alkene to dihaloalkane
Cl2 or Br2
Addition
Alkene to alcohol
H2O/H+ aka dilute acid
Addition
Check for possible major/minor products from Markovnikov’s rule
Alkene to diol
MnO4-/H+
Addition/Oxidation
Haloalkane to alkene
KOH(alc)
Elimination
Check for possible major/minor products from Zaitsev’s rule
Haloalkane to alcohol
KOH(aq)
Substitution
Haloalkane to amine
c.NH3 or NH3(alc) or R-NH2
Substitution
Alcohol to haloalkane
PCl3 or PCl5 or SOCL2
Alcohol to alkene
c.H2SO4
Elimination
Alcohol to carboxylic acid
MnO4-/H+ or Cr2O72-/H+ with reflux
Oxidation
Amine to ammonium salt
Acid (eg. HCl or H2SO4)
Acid/Base
Carboxylic acid to carboxylate salt
Base (eg. NaOH or KOH)
Acid/Base