Functional Anatomy Of The Nervous System

Question 1

What are upper motor neurones?

Answer 1

Transmit information from the brain to lower motor neurones and interneurons in the spinal cord

Question 2

4 areas of the brain?

Answer 2

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brain stem and the Cerebellum

Question 3

Two types of gyri?

Answer 3

Fissures and Sulci

Question 4

How is the cerebellum divided into two hemispheres?

Answer 4

By a longitudinal fissure

Question 5

What is the name of the outer layer of grey matter?

Answer 5

Cerebral cortex

Question 6

What do association fibres do?

Answer 6

Cell body which takes information to other parts in the same cerebral hemisphere

Question 7

What are commisural fibres?

Answer 7

Travels to the other hemisphere. Corpus callosum is a broad band of nerve fibres, joining the two hemispheres of the brain

Question 8

What are the 4 hemispheres in the brain?

Answer 8

Frontal cortex, Parietal cortex, Temporal cortex and Occipital cortex

Question 9

What does the frontal lobe do?

Answer 9

Controls behaviour, movement, planning and execution, speech, personality, emotion and memories

Question 10

What happens at the promoter area in the frontal cortex?

Answer 10

Initiation and planning of movement. If there were to be damage it may lead to apraxia

Question 11

What happens at the primary motor centre?

Answer 11

initiation and control of voluntary movement. If damaged were to occur there would be paralysis of the contra lateral side of the body.

Question 12

What occurs at the motor speech area (Broca’s area)?

Answer 12

Left hemisphere in most people. It translates thought into speech

Question 13

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 13

Interpretation of somantic sensation, body awareness and spatial awareness

Question 14

Function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 14

Interpretation of speech

Question 15

What happens at the primary auditory area of the temporal lobe?

Answer 15

Interprets basic characteristics of sound e.g. Pitch

Question 16

What happens at wernickes area of the temporal lobes?

Answer 16

Determines if sound is speech, music or noise and interprets the meaning of speech into thoughts

Question 17

Function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 17

Involved with the interpretation of visual input such as the intensity of light, colour and relates past visual experiences

Question 18

Function of the brain stem?

Answer 18

Sensory and motor pathway. Important control centre for process such as respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor. Also contains nuclei of the cranial nerve

Question 19

What makes up the Diencephalon?

Answer 19

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 20

Function of the thalamus in the Diencephalon?

Answer 20

Principle relay station for sensory input

Interprets some crude sensations

Question 21

Functions of the hypothalamus in the Diencephalon?

Answer 21

Regulates homeostasis through influence of autonomic system and pituitary gland.

Question 22

Function of the limbic system?

Answer 22

Important for controlling emotional response to a given situation or memory

Question 23

Function of the cerebellum?

Answer 23

Interaction between the cerebellum and motor areas of the brain= smooth coordinator balance and movement

Question 24

What are lower motor neurones?

Answer 24

Neurones with cell bodies in the spinal cord and brain stem, whose axons directly innervate at skeletal muscle