Functional Anatomy of the Eye

Question 1

What are the main structures of the mammalian eye?

Answer 1

Cornea, iris, lens, cilliary body, retina, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor.

Question 2

What does the wall of the eye consist of?

Answer 2

Sclera choroid and retina.

Question 3

The eye ball contains two segments which are?

Answer 3

The anterior and posterior segment.

Question 4

The anterior segment contains two chambers which are referred as what?

Answer 4

The anterior and posterior chambers.

Question 5

Does the posterior segment has chambers?

Answer 5

No it doesn’t.

Question 6

Which segment is filled with aqueous humor?

Answer 6

The anterior segment.

Question 7

Which segment is filled with vitreous humor?

Answer 7

The posterior segment.

Question 8

The posterior segment is filled with what type of fluid?

Answer 8

Vitreous humor.

Question 9

The anterior segment is filled with what time of fluid?

Answer 9

Aqueous humor.

Question 10

Describe the location of the anterior chamber:

Answer 10

• bordered by posterior surface of the cornea

- the anterior aspect of the iris.

Question 11

Where is the posterior chamber of the anterior segment located?

Answer 11

enclosed between the iris and the anterior surface of the vitreous humor.

Question 12

What prevents the mixing of the aqueous and vitreous humors in a healthy eye?

Answer 12

The lens and its suspensory ligaments.

Question 13

What is the Zonule of Zinn?

Answer 13

suspensory ligaments or zonule fibers.

Question 14

What does the Zonule connect?

Answer 14

the lens to the ciliary body.

Question 15

What connects the lens to the ciliary body?

Answer 15

The Zonule of Zinn

Question 16

What comprises the ciliary muscles?

Answer 16

Radial and circular muscles.

Question 17

What forms the ciliary body?

Answer 17

The ciliary muscles and ciliary processes.

Question 18

What are the ciliary processes?

Answer 18

foldings of the choroid posterior to the iris in the anterior segment of the eye.

Question 19

The foldings of the choroid posterior to the iris is what?

Answer 19

The ciliary processes.

Question 20

Where are the ciliary processes located?

Answer 20

in the anterior segment of the eye.

Question 21

What projects from the ciliary body into spaces between the spaces of the Zonule of Zinn?

Answer 21

The ciliary processes.

Question 22

Covered by high secretory pigments and non-pigmented epithelia is what?

Answer 22

The ciliary processes.

Question 23

What enables the formation of aqueous humor?

Answer 23

where the ciliary processes lie there is a epithelia under it with a dense network of blood capillaries.

Question 24

What plays a major role in the removal of fluid from the anterior segment?

Answer 24

The schlemm canal.

Question 25

What is the Schlemm canal's major role?

Answer 25

removing fluid from the anterior segment.

Question 26

What is the function of the trabecular network?

Answer 26

It covers the entrance of the Schlemm canal.

Question 27

What is the Schlemm canal covered with?

Answer 27

fibrous network called the trabecular network.

Question 28

What three pairs of extra ocular striated muscles control the movement of the eyeball?

Answer 28

medial and lateral recti muscles superior and inferior recti muscles superior ad inferior oblique muscles

Question 29

What motion does the medial and lateral recti muscles move the eye ball?

Answer 29

side to side.

Question 30

What motion does the superior and inferior recti muscles move the eye ball?

Answer 30

up and down.

Question 31

What motion does the superior and inferior oblique muscles move the eyeball?

Answer 31

Rotate the eye ball in socket.

Question 32

The extra ocular muscles of the eye ball are needed for the sole purpose of what?

Answer 32

rotate the eye ball to balance sideway tilting effects of the head.

Question 33

What are the three nerves that control the striated muscles of the eye ball?

Answer 33

Oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducent nerve.

Question 34

What number cranial nerve is the oculomotor nerve?

Answer 34

Cranial nerve 3

Question 35

What number cranial nerve is the trochlear nerve?

Answer 35

Cranial nerve 4

Question 36

What number cranial nerve is the abducent nerve?

Answer 36

Cranial nerve 6

Question 37

What are the two automatic nerves that control accommodation and pupillary reflex?

Answer 37

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nerves.

Question 38

The parasympathetic nerve consists of 2 main fibers known as what?

Answer 38

Preganglionic and Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

Question 39

What runs through the Edinger Westphal nucleus?

Answer 39

The preganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

Question 40

What nerve does the preganglionic parasympathetic fiber run through and synapses at?

Answer 40

Oculomotor nerve and synapses in the cilary ganglion.

Question 41

What does the postganglionic fiber run through?

Answer 41

in the ciliary nerve to the eyeball.

Question 42

What do the parasympathetic fibers innervate?

Answer 42

The ciliary muscles which control the shape of the lens and the sphincter muscles of the iris.

Question 43

Wha does the sphincter muscles of the iris control?

Answer 43

Controls the pupil size.

Question 44

What do the preganglionic sympathetic fibers from first thoracic segment of the spinal cord run through?

Answer 44

sympathetic chain and synapse in the superior cervical ganglion.

Question 45

What do posganglionic fibers run along?

Answer 45

Carotid plexus to eye ball.