functional anatomy definitions Flashcards
antagonist pairs
pairs of mucles that work together to produce movement. the contractor is the agonist and the relaxer is the antagonist
origin point of a muscle
the attachment of a muscle to the bone that does NOT move when a muscle contracts, at the PROXIMAL end (closer to midline)
insertion point of a muscle
the attachment of a muscle to the bone which moves more when the muscle contracts, at the DISTAL end (further from midline)
Reciprocal Inhibition
The coordinated relaxing of muscles on one side of the joint to accommodate contraction on the other side of that joint
Fixator muscles
also known as stabilisers, muscles that hold or stabilitse a body part during contractions, making it immobile while another body part is moving
Synergist muscles
assist movement by stabilising and controlling the surrounding muscles to produce smooth, controlled movement
diffusion
the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
vasilodation
blood vessels opening up to allow more blood flow
vasoconstriction
blood vessels contracting to reduce blood flow
systemic circulation
carries blood from the heart to all parts of the body (not the lungs) and back again
pulmonary circulation