Function/Structure Flashcards
What are the 3 functions of the Respiratory system?
Cellular respiration: Glucose combined with O2 creates CO2 and H2O plus energy to satisfy energy requirements. Takes O2 from atmosphere and deliver it to bloodstream. CO2 from bloodstream and expel it from body.
Nasal Cavity?
Structure: 2 cavities that contain hairs, cilia, mucous, and rich blood supply.
Function: moistens air eith mucous, heats air with blood vessels, and filters air with cilia and hair
Pharynx?
Structure: Muscular region at back of mouth
Function: Passageway for air and food
Trachea?
Structure: Long tube lined with cilia and mucous and made up of cartilage rings
Function: allows air to travel to and from lungs, cilia filters out and removes dirt and bacteria (pushed up esophagus)
Epiglottis?
Structure: Flap of skin at top of larynx
Function: Prevents bolus of food from entering trachea
Larynx?
Structure: Box shaped part, made of cartilage and elastic folds called vocal cords
Function: Produces sound
Bronchi?
Structure: 2 branches of trachea that contain cartilage rings, mucous, and cilia
Function: Delivers O2 to each lung
Bronchiole?
Structure: Smaller branches of bronchi without cartilage and lined with smooth muscle
Function: Deliver O2 to alveoli
Alveoli?
Structure: Small grape like sacs at end of bronchioles to maximize surface area
Function: Allows diffusion of gases O2 and CO2 between air and blood
Capillaries?
Structure: Covering Alveolus, 1 cell wall thick
Function: Carry blood to body
Diffusion?
Going from an area of high concentration to low concentration (inhaling-O2 alveolus to capillaries) or the opposite for exhaling (CO2 pushed back up and out trachea to mouth and nose)
Diaphragm?
Structure: Large dome-shaped muscle below lungs
Function: Contracts and flattens and chest cavity enlarges (inhalation)
